Г. группа 2Э Иностранный язык
Практическое занятие №147
Тема: «Правила техники безопасности при работе на шлифовальном станке»
Задание: прочтите текст, на его основе составьте инструкцию по технике безопасности при работе на шлифовальном станке на английском языке:
Safety instructions for working on the grinding machine
Work on grinding machines can be accompanied by a number of harmful and dangerous production factors, which include:
- electric current;
- abrasive dust and aerosols of cutting fluid;
- flying off pieces of abrasive material and workpieces;
- high surface temperature of the processed parts and tools;
- the increased levels of vibration;
- moving machines and mechanisms, moving products, blanks, materials;
- insufficient illumination of the working area, the presence of direct and reflected brilliance, increased pulsation of the light flux.
1.1. To work independently on grinding machines, trained personnel who have passed a medical examination, instructions on labor protection at the workplace, are familiar with the fire safety rules and have learned safe working techniques are allowed.
1.2. The grinder is allowed to work only on the machines to which he is admitted, and to perform the work assigned to him by the head of the shop (section).
1.3. Worker serving grinding machines shall be equipped with: a suit or cotton overalls, goggles, boots yuft.
The sander is prohibited:
-use faulty abrasive tools;
-work in the absence of a wooden grating on the floor under your feet along the length of the machine, excluding shoes between the rails and ensuring the free passage of chips;
-work on a machine with a broken ground wire, in the absence or malfunction of locking devices;
-stand and pass under the lifted load;
-pass in places that are not intended for the passage of people;
-go beyond the technological equipment fences without permission;
-remove barriers to dangerous areas of operating equipment;
-wash your hands in emulsion, oil, or kerosene and wipe them with the ends of the wipers that are contaminated with shavings.
3.2. While working on the machine, the grinder is prohibited:
-work on the machine with mittens or gloves, as well as with bandaged fingers without rubber fingertips;
-take and feed any objects through the working machine, tighten nuts, bolts and other connecting parts of the machine;
-blow compressed air from the hose to the workpiece;
-make measurements on the machine, check the cleanliness of the surface of the workpiece with your hand;
-brake the spindle rotation by pressing the hand on the rotating parts of the machine;
-use local lighting with a voltage higher than 42 V;
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-lean on the machine while it is running and let others do it;
-parts held by residual magnetism can be removed by blows or jerks;
-install untried circles on the machine;
-open or remove barriers and safety devices during machine operation;
-put parts, tools, and other items on the machine bed and sanding head;
-perform operations on the machine for which it is not intended;
-be between the part and the machine when installing the part with a lifting crane;
-remove abrasive dust directly with your hands;
-use circles that have cracks and potholes;
-work with the side surface of the abrasive wheel;
-blow the dust out of the holes with your mouth; use a cooling liquid jet to remove it;
-touch the moving work piece and the grinding wheel until they stop completely;
-feed the processed product to the cold circle immediately with full pressure; first, the circle should be evenly warmed up;
-leave keys, fixtures, and tools on the machine while it is running.
Домашнее задание: выполнить письменный перевод текста «Safety first»
Safety first
The main causes of accidents in the workplace are not dramatic fires and explosions, but very ordinary accidents that can be easily prevented by workers looking out for their own safety and the safety of others. Many of these accidents are minor, but some cause death or serious injury. The most common cause of accidents is from slips, trips and falls, followed by lifting and carrying. Accidents involving cuts, burns, dropped objects, falling from height, and collisions are also common but often avoidable.
The main preventable measure is safety training. All employees in the oil and gas industry go through regular safety training courses to encourage a strong safety culture. For hazardous areas, employees will be issued with personal protective equipment (PPE) which must be worn in signed areas. Safety boots, hard hats, overalls, gloves, and safety glasses are usually a standard issue. In addition, ear protectors and special trades’ equipment such as welding shields, goggles, and gloves will be issued.
Safety signage has to be followed. Signs are classified with different shapes and colours to denote whether they are mandatory, warnings, or giving information. Most signs are independent of language and use standard symbols as ideograms. The meaning of some of these signs is not always immediately obvious and so they should be learnt. Following information signs is practiced in fire drills where workers must follow signs to safe areas. Those working offshore will attend special courses on helicopter escape, use of life jackets and survival craft, and escape through smoke. There are often opportunities for workers to volunteer as fire officers or firest aiders, and special training is given.