Лингвистическая теория. 2 курс, 2 семестр
Практическое занятие №1
Учебник Н.К. Ивановой “English Lexicology” – задания к семинару 1.
Практическое занятие №2
Учебник Н.К. Ивановой “English Lexicology” – задания к семинару 2.
Практическое занятие №3
Учебник Н.К. Ивановой “English Lexicology” – задания к семинару 3.
Практическое занятие №4
Тема: Affixation. Prefixation
Exercise 1. Below are adjectives which can combine with some of the prefixes on the left.
in- dis- experienced valuable
im- mis- perfect mature
ir- sub- conscious rational
il- under- judged loaded
un- over- valued honest
normal legible
1. Which words combine with in-, im-, ir- and il-? Combine and translate them.
2. Which words combine with un-, dis- and mis-? Combine and translate them.
3. Which words combine with sub-,under and over-? Combine and translate them.
Exercise 2. Contradict the following statements in the same way as the example. Translate the adjectives.
Example: He’s a very honest man. I don’t agree. I think he’s dishonest.
1. I’m sure she’s discreet. 6. He’s very efficient.
2. I always find him very sensitive. 7. I always find her responsible.
3. It’s a convincing argument. 8. He seems grateful for our help.
4. That’s a very relevant point. 9. I’m sure she’s loyal to the firm.
5. She’s always obedient. 10. He’s a tolerant person.
Exercise 3. Combine one of the prefixes in Box A with one of the words in Box B to form a new word which matches one of the definitions listed below (1-16). Translate.
1. take your things out of a suitcase u n p a c k e d
2. rude __________
3. selfish ___________
4. a story based on fact ___________ __
5. colleague ___________
6. happening between Europe and Asia ___________
7. noon ___________
8. not earning enough money _ ___________
9. go faster than the other competitors in the race ___________
10. greater than the powers of an ordinary person ___________
11. not good enough ___________ __
12. not working or moving ___________
13. something unlucky ___________
14. not pleased ___________
15. get something back again ___________
16. allow to get hot in advance ___________
Exercise 4. Make any necessary corrections to the adjectives in the sentences below. The may be either of logic or word-formation. Translate the sentences.
The exercise starts with an example.
Unemotional
1. The British are generally regarded as inemotional race.
2. What’s wrong? You seem very uncontented with your job these days.
3. No one is completely unvulnerable to stress.
4. The police were not fooled by their unconvincing story.
5. I wouldn’t trust him at all. He’s one of the most unhonest men I know.
6. They seemed unaware that there was anyone else in the room.
7. The children were impatient for the film to start.
8. I couldn’t help thinking that all their lavish praise was really unsincere.
9. I’m afraid Joan is very disattentive in lessons.
10. He’s not very good-looking but, there again, he’s not inattractive either.
Exercise 5. Fill the blanks with the suitable prefixal antonyms of the root word suggested in brackets. Translate the sentences.
1. She was hateful, of course, but she was … (resist). 2. A strange, wild, haughty looking creature! Swithin observed his clothes with some … (approve). 3. He looked at his son. Now they had actually come to discuss a subject connected with the relations between the sexes he felt … (trust). 4. The teacher expressed his great
… (content) with the works of his pupils. 5. He was still mysterious, withdrawn within himself, extraordinarily … (interest) in his physical surroundings. 6. And though nine-tenth of the inhabitants never went outside the gates, the definite and absolute closing of them … (moral) all hearts. 7. ‘Do you think I don’t know,’ said my aunt, ‘what kind of life you must have led, that poor, unhappy … (direct) baby?’ 8. A wife has to overlook the little … (perfect) in her husband’s behaviour? 9. There can be no … (equal) in love. 10. She was thus quite … (intend) an interested observer of their little interview. 11. An … (distinct) idea he had, that the child was desolate and in want of help. 12. He was a man of … (limit) wealth.
Exercise 6. Construct words or phrases to replace the underlined words. Translate the sentences.
Example: He’s in favour of the American approach. He’s pro-American.
1. The BBC tries to avoid pronouncing foreign words incorrectly.
2. Most people say they have to work too hard but are paid too little.
3. He dated his cheque with a date that was later than the real date.
4. She’s still on good terms with the man who used to be her husband.
5. He made so many mistakes in the letter that he had to write it again.
Практическое занятие №5
Тема: Suffixation
Exercise 1. Match the first half of the sentence in column A with an appropriate second half in column B. Translate the sentences.
The first one has been done for you.
Example: Children learn what they live.
If a child lives with criticism (7) he learns to condemn (g).
A B
1. hostility a to be patient
2. ridicule b to be shy
3. shame c to be confident
4. tolerance d to have faith
5. encouragement e to like himself
6. praise f to like justice
7. criticism g to condemn
8. fairness h to appreciate
9. security i to fight
10. approval j to feel guilty
11.acceptance and friendship k to find love in the world
Exercise 2. Which word is the odd one in each group and why?
1. brotherhood, neighbourhood, manhood, priesthood
2. hair-restorer, plant-holder, step-ladder, oven-cleaner
3. appointment, involvement, compliment, arrangement
4. tearful, spiteful, dreadful, handful
5. worship, kinship, friendship, partnership
Exercise 3. Write the nouns that can be formed from these words:
1. announce – announcement
2. try 12. solve
3. lonely 13. choose
4. destroy 14. disappoint
5. poor 15. behave
6. fit 16. thick
7. anxious 17. breathe
8. refuse 18. stupid
9. celebrate 19. relax
10. develop 20. practise
11. electric 21. imagine
Exercise 4. Complete the sentences below with suitable nouns or adjectives formed from the words given in brackets. See the example provided.
1. Tony is a terribly competitive (compete) person.
2. Most adolescents go through periods of great … (insecure).
3. Limited exposure to the sun’s rays can be … (benefit) to health.
4. Daniel shows very little … (aware) of how others see him.
5. The confusion over the diplomats’ names caused a great deal of … (embarrass).
6. Although she appeared calm, you could hear the … (anxious) in her voice.
7. I’ve always regarded him as a man of great … (sincere).
8. Monica was always very … (resent) of the fact that she was never given the chance of going to university.
9. I’m really fed up with her air of superiority – she’s just so … (dismiss) of everyone else’s ideas.
10. Oh, it’s a delightful little restaurant.
Exercise 5. Use the words given in capitals to form a word (a noun, adjective or adverb) that fits in the space to each sentence. Translate the sentences.
Практическое занятие №6
Тема: Compound Adjectives
Exercise 1. Match each compound adjective in 1-8 to an adjective in a-h with a similar meaning. Translate the adjectives.
| hard-wearing | a convenient | |
| record-breaking | b interminable | |
| labour-saving | c outstanding | |
| hard-hitting | d extensive | |
| good-looking | e durable | |
| never-ending | f attractive | |
| mouth-watering | g direct | |
| far-reaching | h appetising |
Exercise 2. Match each adjective in Column A with the appropriate noun in Column B. Translate the collocations. The first one is shown as an example.
A B
1. carving - G A board
2. shaving B rod
3. building C bag
4. diving D stone
5. watering E licence
6. parking F powder
6. driving G knife
7. filling H can
8. paving I water
9. walking J site
10. fishing K cream
11. sleeping L space
12. ironing M station
13. washing N stick
14. drinking O board
Exercise 3. Match the word from Column A with another word from Column B to form ten compound adjectives. Translate the collocations.
Example: home-made
A B
air conditioned
brand controlled
hard fashioned
home hand
labour made
mass new
old produced
remote proof
second saving
water wearing
Exercise 4. Look at the compound adjectives below and fill each blank below with the proper adjective. Translate.
Long-winded, neatly-clipped, well-behaved, quick-drying, energy-saving, well- adjusted, ill-fated, well-connected, cross-eyed, tight-fisted, narrow-wasted, sour- faced, double-breasted, slim-hipped, pot-bellied, thin-skinned.
1. Your children are …. They were as good as gold.
2. This is … work.
3. They have invented a new … device.
4. She just felt the expedition was somehow …: she knew in her bones that something was going wrong.
5. She’s very …. She always uses ten words where two will do.
6. She’s so …. She can easily get on with other people.
7. Behind a large desk sat a well-groomed young man: impeccable haircut, tie perfectly in place, … moustache.
8. He’s …. He knows a lot of influential people.
Exercise 5. Fill in the gaps with suitable compounds from the list below. Translate.
Long-stemmed, fall out, life-long, double-talk, sun-burnt, dog-eared, home- baked, apple-trees, bookworm, colour-blind, bell-shaped, crazy-looking.
1. From where he sat he could see a cluster of … in blossom. 2. Everything was at hand, from … bread to mushroom wild and tame. 3. … people are allowed to take a driving test. 4. The radioactive … in the London area has increased. 5. This is my
… conviction. 6. We've some plain, blunt things to say and we expect the same kind of answer, not a lot of …. 7. A blush of embarrassment shone faintly on his
… cheeks. 8. There was silence then June rose: '… creature!' he thought. 9. With his large … top hat and his great statue and bulk he looked too primeval for a Forsyte. 10. 'Just look at these … roses! Aren't they lovely?' 11. He's always reading. He'll read anything. He'll a real …. 12. After a book has been read a lot, it
tends to become ….