The Past Perfect Tense: Образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to have в форме Present Simple и причастия II смыслового глагола.
I've written
He's written
Present Perfect употребляется:
Для выражения действия, завершенного к настоящему моменту, но связанного с настоящим (результатом действия):
I have read the book.
He hasn't seen this film.
Для выражения действия закончившегося к данному моменту, но период времени, к которому относится действие, еще продолжается:
I haven't seen him this month.
Слова-указатели: already, before, never, ever, just, this week (month, year).
Have you ever been there?
He has just left.
She has never learnt to drive.
The Past Perfect Tense (предпрошедшее) Выражает действие, закончившееся до наступления другого действия или момента в прошлом.
When I came to the station the train had left.
By that time we had read the book.
The Future Perfect Tense сочетает в себе оттенок завершенности с указанием срока в будущем.
By Monday I'll have read your book.
Времена группы Perfect Progressive.
The Present Perfect Progressive Tense образуются с помощью вспомогательного глагола to be в форме Present Perfect (have been, has been) и причастия I смыслового глагола.
Употребляется для выражения действия, которое началось в прошлом и всё ещё продолжается, или чтобы спросить, как давно что-то происходит.
Have you been waiting long?
It has been raining for two days.
The Past Perfect Progressive выражает действие, которое началось, продолжалось и прервалось в прошлом до наступления другого, более позднего действия.
I had been reading the letter from my boos when the telephone rang.
Период времени, в течение которого происходило действие, может быть обозначен с помощью предлогов for и since.
The Future Perfect Progressive встречается редко и заменяется формой Future Perfect.
He’ll have been painting his fence for two hours by the time we see him.
Контрольное задание № 1
Грамматика: Притяжательный падеж имени существительного. Времена глагола в активном залоге.
Существительное в притяжательном падеже служит определением к другому существительному, выражает принадлежность и отвечает на вопрос “Чей?”
Alice’s sister is a shop-assistant.
My friends’ names are Bill and Dan.
Времена глагола в активном залоге.
| Present | Simple | Progressive | Perfect | Perfect Progressive |
| V1 Vs Do you speak English? Does he work? | am is Ving are | have V3ed has | have been Ving has | |
| Past | V2ed Did you? | was Ving were | had V3ed | had been Ving |
| Future | shall V will | shall be Ving will | shall have V3ed will | shall been Ving will |
V – Verb (глагол), V2ed – Past Simple, V3ed – Participle (причастие II)
Ving – Participle I
I Вариант.
1. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните глагол-сказуемое, определите его видо-временную форму. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. I got up and had sausage, egg, bacon and tomatoes for breakfast and read the Sundy Mirror.
2. My brother Erick knocked at door and asked me if I wanted to go fishing with him.
3. We plan to increase our advertising.
4. He didn’t buy any oil yesterday.
2. Перепишите предложения. Поставьте глагол в прошедшем времени. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. I (to see) your mother yesterday. She’s looking fine.
2. My boos (to fly) to New York again last week.
3. It (to be) very late when I (to come) home last night.
4. We (to buy a new fridge two months age.
3. Образуйте вопросительную форму от предложений. Объясните употребления временной формы. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. I’ve never been to Switzerland.
2. I’m going to the cinema.
3. I like smoked salmon.
4. My brother can speak six languages.
4. Образуйте Participle I и II от следующих глаголов:
Break, come, arrive, go, buy, be, watch, bring, send, older.
5. Перепишите предложения, употребив притяжательный падеж существительных.
Пример: Mary has got two brothers. They’re both engineers.
Mary’s brothers are both engineers.
1. My mother has both a new car. It’s very expensive.
2. Our manager has got a nice office. It’s on the fourth floor.
3. They have got two daughters. Their names are Monica and Pat.
6. Перепишите и переведите текст используя словарь.
Harrods.
Everybody knows Harrods, and most people agree it's the best shop ill London. Even the Queen and Queen Mother do their shopping there, so it must be good... It's the largest and most famous store in England. You can get everything from large tropical snakes to antique pianos.
People like shopping in Harrods, and they spend a lot of money. The most money ever spent by a single customer was two million two hundred thousand pounds, and he paid in cash! It was the shop's biggest cash sale.
About 50,000 people go to Harrods every day, but the busiest times are Christmas and the January and July Sales, when many more shoppers visit the store. People can find the biggest bargains on the First day of the Sales. The first day is the most crowded. On that day, about 300,000 people visit Harrods.
One of the most popular buys at Christmas time are the Christmas puddings - Harrods sells over 120 tons of these a year.
Harrods has a great many overseas visitors, and it exports many of its goods. Some of the most unusual exports have included a Persian carpet to Iran, a fridge to Finland, six bread rolls to New York, and a pound of sausages to a yacht in the Mediterranean.
Answer the questions.
1. What famous people shop in Harrods?
2. How many Christmas puddings do they sell every year?
3. What other unusual exports do you hear about?
II Вариант
1. Перепишите предложения, подчеркните глагол-сказуемое, определите его видо-временную
Фому. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. Food price in our country are going up fast.
2. I will give you the exact date of despatch.
3. I’ve read that article already.
4. What were you doing from three till five last Friday?
2. Перепишите предложения. Поставьте глаголы в прошедшем времени. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. I (not see) Mary last week.
2. She (to leave) in 1995.
3. I (not speak) to Nick yet.
4. He (to change) his job three times this year.
3. Образуйте вопросительную форму от следующих предложений. Объясните употребление
временной формы. Переведите предложения на русский язык.
1. We have known each other for three year.
2. Monica told me about that.
3. We’ve seen Carmen before.
4. Here is our catalogue.
4. Образуйте Participle I и II от следующих глаголов: