-- The teacher must have the respect of his students. --There must be order and discipline in the classroom at all times. A first rule for effective teaching: obedience. A student must first learn obedience before he can be taught -- The main emphasis in the first four or five years of school should be on the basics: reading, writing and arithmetic. Once a student has a really strong mastery of these the world opens up to him. --Encourage contact between students and faculty. --Develop reciprocity and cooperation among students. –Encourage active learning. --Give prompt feedback. --Emphasize time on task. --Communicate high expectations --Respect diverse talents and ways of learning.
3. Conceptual approaches to the organization of the professional teaching. Their intrinsic characteristics. The above definitions suggest that the process of teacher development is a well-planned route to enhance teachers’ professional skills in order to increase the quality of pupil learning. Various educationalists have shown the process of teacher development as cyclic process. According to them, the idea of cyclic figure can be used to explain the process in a simple way. 1.Client-centred Approach. Nunan’s (1988) --Teachers should be encouraged to derive a set of principles from a study of classroom practice, rather than being exposed to a set of principles. --Teachers should be involved in the structuring of the professional development programme. 2.Self-Development through Class Observation. --To help teachers have a clearer understanding of their own classroom experiences. --To introduce teachers to a more developmental approach to teacher training.
3.Self-awareness through groups in teacher development
Underhill (1991), who presented this approach, says that this approach aims at carrying out individual teacher development within a group of people who normally work together and has to do with the strong hold that group norms can exist over members of the group.
4.Collaborative Approach Vs Co-operative Approach This approach is a reaction to Edge’s (1991) co-operative approach and suggests some amendments. According to the Co-operative approach, co-operative development is carried out in the roles of Speaker and Understander.
№ 3 1. The main models of the organization of professional teaching According to the Concept of profile education, " profile-oriented learning - the means of differentiation and an individualization of learning allowing to consider more fully due to changes in structure, the contents and the organization of educational process interests, tendencies and abilities of pupils, to create conditions for learning of seniors according to their professional interests and intentions concerning education continuation". The main objectives of profile-oriented learning are: • creation of conditions for the account and development of educational and informative and professional interests, abilities and needs of pupils in the course of their general education preparation; • education in pupils of love to work, providing conditions for their vital and professional self-determination, formation of readiness for a conscious choice and mastering future profession; • formation of social, communicative, information, technical, technological competences of pupils at the pre-profile level, a learning orientation on a choice of future profession; • ensuring perspective communication between the general average and future professional education.
2. The Advantages and disadvantages of the Network Model English teaching model based on multimedia and network environment can cultivate students' independent thinking, autonomous learning, analysis and problem-solving ability. Network interactive learning mode, refers to the teaching model with the nature of the discussion. The main advantages of teaching model based on multimedia and network environment are as follows: Enrich the form of classroom teaching, and improve students' learning interest. Interest is the best teacher. Because the traditional textbooks, the form is relatively simple and boring, so that students in the learning process for the English understanding caused some difficulties or some deviation. The multimedia network assisted English teaching, can through pictures, audio, video, animation, text and other forms, for students to learn English to create a vivid teaching situation, so that a section of the boring English passages become more interesting, and stimulate students' interest in learning English. Increase the amount of classroom information, and improve student learning efficiency. In the traditional English classroom teaching, teachers often use the blackboard, so that teachers' teaching methods occupy a lot of time in class. And the use of multimedia network that has a strong storage advantages and rich network teaching resources. Before the class, the teacher can collect the materials and make the teaching courseware through the multimedia network, and make full use of the multimedia network technology to assist the teaching.
3. The Advantages and disadvantages of the Resource Model This model provides ways of examining the content of teaching and assessment to ensure all four resources are being addressed and taught explicitly. The Four Resources Model was originally developed in 1990 by Peter Freebody and Allan Luke. 1. Breaking the code of language is about recognising and using the fundamental features and architecture of written texts including: alphabetic knowledge, sounds in words, spelling, conventions and patterns of sentence structure and text. Text decoders: know the relationship between the spoken and written language interpret graphic symbols and their contexts of use. 2. Participating in the meaning of text involves understanding and composing meaningful written, visual and spoken texts from within the meaning systems of particular cultures, institutions, families, communities, and nation-states. Text participants: know the meaning patterns operating in written texts make literal and inferential meanings of texts. 3. Using texts functionally It is about knowing about and acting on the different cultural and social functions that various texts perform both inside and outside school and knowing that these functions shape the way texts are structured, their tone, their degree of formality and their sequence of components. Text users: know and use social and cultural functions of reading and writing practices understand text types are used for particular purposes in and out of school. Critically analysing and transforming texts involves understanding and acting on the knowledge that texts are created for specific purposes, for example, to entertain, explain or influence.
№4. 1.The normative documents regulating the contents formations of the senior step
According to the State program of a development of education in the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2005-2010 introduction at the level of secondary education of profile-oriented learning of seniors is provided. Profile-oriented learning is considered by one of instruments of improvement of quality of education, realization of actual and perspective needs of the personality, society and state. The main ideas of the organization of profile - oriented learning found reflection of the Concept of development of comprehensive school of the Republic of Kazakhstan (1996) in Kazakhstan, Concepts of the maintenance of the general secondary education (1996). Normative Documents of the University: Regulation on teaching students with special educational needs and formation of conditions for obtaining quality higher education; - Regulation on academic freedoms of participants of the study process; - Regulation on academic leaves, repetition of a year of study and repeated study of educational subjects; - Regulation on ongoing and final assessment according to the European Credit Transfer and Accumulation System (ECTS).
2. New innovation in the general education For an individual, a nation, and humankind to survive and progress, innovation and evolution are essential. Innovations in education are of particular importance because education plays a crucial role in creating a sustainable future. Innovation, therefore, is to be regarded as an instrument of necessary and positive change. Any human activity (e.g. industrial, business, or educational) needs constant innovation to remain sustainable. Today’s education systems are required to be both effective and efficient, or in other words, to reach the goals set for them while making the best use of available resources. A few examples of innovations in some areas that made a drastic impact on the whole educational system are: political (NCLB (No Child Left Behind Act), Race to the Top); social (Equal Opportunities Act, affirmative action policy, Indivuals with Disabilities Education Act); philosophical (constructivism, objectivism); cultural (moral education, multiculturalism, bilingual education); pedagogical (competence-based education, STEM (curriculum choices in school: Science, Technology, English, and Mathematics); psychological (cognitive science, multiple intelligencies theory, Maslow’s hierarchy of needs, learning style theory); and technological (computer-based learning, networked learning, e-learning).