Skip the sun, get a glow the healthy way 2 глава




Right in the middle of the Atlantic, the islands of Madeira and Porto Santo are a haven of natural beauty. The exotic colours of the flowers stand out from among the blue sea and the emerald green vegetation. This is an archipelago where the big territory is a protected area and A__________is located. The Madeira Natural Park was created in 1982 to preserve this vast natural heritage, a worldwide rarity. The park is classified as a Biogenetic Reserve, B__________, with some rare species such as the mountain orchid, unique in the world, and also some exotic large trees. To visit this park is to discover Nature! The park covers about two-thirds of the island, making Madeira a truly ecological destination. The springtime temperature, C__________, cries out for open air activities. Visitors can go for a walk in the park, visit the city of Funchal or roam freely around the island. Boat rides are an excellent way of D__________. In such a naturally welcoming environment, balance and well-being are taken for granted. Madeira offers various tourist complexes E__________. Popular feasts, F__________, are opportunities to appreciate traditional gastronomic flavours and see Madeira partying, especially for the Carnival parades, the Flower festival, the Atlantic festival and, above all, the end-of-year fireworks display.

 

 
1. which is felt all year round
2. which take place in Madeira all year round
3. where the largest laurel forest in the world
4. admiring the coastline from a different perspective
5. where one can find a unique range of flora and fauna
6. choosing this holiday destination for its natural beauty
7. that have prime conditions for boating and scuba diving
 

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Wild animals in cities Have you ever seen bears in Vancouver parks, leopards on the streets of Mumbai or wild pigs in gardens in Berlin? Recently, there A__________ on TV about big animals coming into towns and cities. What happens when wild animals come into our cities? Is it dangerous for us and the animals? Wild animals usually come into cities to look for food. In Cape Town, South Africa, baboons sometimes come into the suburbs. They eat fruit from gardens and go into people’s kitchens and take food from cupboards and fridges! Baboons are B__________children and fight with pet dogs. Many people do not like them, but the city can be dangerous for baboons too. Sometimes, baboons are C__________human food can be very bad for their teeth. The city council in Cape Town has a team of Baboon Monitors whose job is to find baboons D__________to the countryside. This makes the city safer for people and is healthier for the baboons. However, the main problem is that a lot of baboons will come back to the city to find food again. In Berlin, Germany, groups of wild pigs have come into the city for hundreds of years, but now the winters are warmer, there are even more pigs than in the past. Pigs eat flowers and plants and dig in gardens and parks in the city. They also E__________ accidents. Some city residents like the pigs and give them food. But the city council is worried about the traffic accidents, so they F__________ have put up fences to stop the pigs coming into the city.

 

 
1. cause lots of problems
2. in the city and take them back
3. walk in the street and cause traffic
4. hurt in car accidents and the sugar in
5. strong animals and sometimes they scare
6. have been many reports in newspapers and
7. have told people to stop giving the pigs food and
 

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Beaches of Portugal Covering more than 850 km, the Portuguese coast boasts such a large number of fine, white sandy beaches that it is almost impossible to keep count. All bathed by the Atlantic Ocean and all different, their beauty is hard to describe, so there is nothing better A__________. The most famous are in the Algarve. With three thousand hours of sun per year and warm waters, there are beaches to suit every taste and many dreamlike resorts. The choices are many, from sandy stretches extending as far as the eye can see B__________, the trade image of the region. They are always accompanied by a calm clear sea, C__________. In Costa da Caparica, the beaches are particularly dear to Lisbonites D__________ for sun and sea bathing. There are deserted beaches here too, of a wild beauty, E__________ nature. In the centre, tourists will find very wide sandy stretches, to which traditional fishing adds a picturesque touch. And further north, the colder waters and the invigorating sea are tempered by the welcoming atmosphere and the clean air of the mountains and the forests. Despite all their differences, all beaches share one thing – quality. They are safe and offer a wide range of support and recreational services, F__________. And a large number of Portuguese beaches are granted the European blue flag every year, a distinction that is a sign of their excellent conditions.

 

 
1. which meet every need of their users
2. than to discover them once for oneself
3. which is ideal for various water sports
4. where one can enjoy close contact with
5. who has never been to this wonderful city
6. to the smaller coves, sheltered by huge cliffs
7. who have different options around the capital
 

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1. Dangerous amount of drink
2. Fast growth of popularity
3. The same effect
4. Pictures in the cups
 
5. To stop stealing
6. Recycling the leftovers
7. The tradition of hospitality
8. Unclear motivation
A. Coffee is not just a drink. The coffee industry employs millions of people around the world through its growing, processing and trading. Five million people in Kenya are dependent on coffee industry to make a living. That is why it’s vital for the country to overcome an epidemic of theft, which is sweeping the production of coffee. A special police force has been set up to deal with the problem and coffee growers even have to sleep in their fields to stand up to possible thieves.
B. Scientists have found that some plants, like the coffee plant, use caffeine to manipulate the memory of bees. Caffeine which improves the long-term memory of bees making them return to the plants. Caffeine impacts human neurological activity in a similar way, but on a very fundamental level. Although bees and humans are very different, some experts suggest it to be as old as the common ancestors we might have.
C. A coffee ceremony is a ritualised form of making and drinking coffee. Coffee is offered when visiting friends, during festivities, and in a daily life. The coffee ceremony, bunna, is a key part of any Ethiopian social life. It is a standard way to welcome visitors at home. In Ethiopian culture the coffee ritual is practiced only by women and from a young age the girls are taught how to perform it. Recently the ceremony has been offered in Ethiopian restaurants in the USA and the UK.
D. You may need a cup of coffee to kick-start the day and honeybees also get their buzz from drinking flower nectar containing caffeine. The excessive use of coffee can lead to an addiction. It happens when people have six or more cups of coffee per day. Caffeine, like any drug, is toxic in large doses. But the lethal dose of caffeine would require about 100 cups of coffee, but even the water from drinking that much coffee in one go would kill you before the caffeine did.
E. England first became acquainted with coffee in 1637 when a Turk introduced the drink to Oxford. It quickly became popular among students and teachers. Coffee was served in coffee houses around the country and already by the mid-1660s only in London alone there were 82 of them! Coffee houses were also the meeting places of the scientific and literary worlds, frequented by people like Isaac Newton, Robert Hooke, Samuel Johnson, and Alexander Pope.
F. Coffees of the world have many distinct taste characteristics. The annual World Coffee Cup Championship takes place in France and latte art is among the most impressive contests. Using nothing, but hot milk and espresso, latte artists work to create complicated designs on the surface of the drink. Swirls and leaves are popular, but some artists produce pictures of dragons, cartoon characters, and even adorable teddy bears!
G. We drink more than 600 billion cups of coffee every year. But only about 20 % of the coffee contributes to the drink. The rest is tasteless plant fiber which makes thousands tons every day. Scientists are working hard to find a useful way for this waste and one of the options is to turn spent coffee grounds into fuel. Some coffee production companies already send their waste to biomass plants to be burned along with wood.  

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1. Too many neighbours
2. Various uses
3. Environment-friendly
4. Not according to the plan
 
5. Made of rock
6. Built to annoy
7. A house from a book
8. Uncomfortable to be in
A. The Heliotrope is Germany’s first eco and energy-friendly house. Designed by architect Rolf Disch, this is the first PlusEnergy house in the world. The architect created this house as his private residence in 1994. This house produces more energy than it uses and the energy it produces is emissions free. The house rotates to track the sunlight and harness maximum energy of the sun in the form of heat and light.
B. If you wish to trouble your neighbours, the Skinny House is a nice idea. It was originally built as a Spite House – to upset the neighbours. Located in the North End of Boston, Massachusetts, this house is the narrowest house in the city. There is no clear evidence to support the reason of its construction. However, according to a legend, one of the neighbors built it to block the sunlight and air of another neighbour.
C. Nikolai Smirnov began building this ‘wooden skyscraper’ in Arkhangelsk with the intention of making it only a two-story building. But a trip to see wooden houses in Japan and Norway convinced him that he hadn’t used roof space efficiently enough, so he kept building. “First I added three floors but then the house looked strange, like a mushroom,” he said. “So I added another and it still didn’t look right so I kept going. What you see today is a happy accident.”
D. Polish businessman and philanthropist Daniel Czapiewski built The Upside Down House as a statement about the end of the world. The house stands on its roof while visitors walk on the ceilings. It took 114 days to build because the workers were so disoriented by the angles of the walls. It certainly attracts its fair share of tourists to the tiny village of Szymbark, who often become dizzy after just a few moments inside.
E. It seems a crazy idea, but it is a house. The Stone House is situated in the Fafe mountains of Portugal. Sandwiched between two stones the house is said to have been inspired by the American “Flintstones” cartoon series. Although it may seem rustic, there are some amenities, which include a fireplace and a swimming pool – carved out of one of the large stones. The house draws many tourists every year.
F. The Hobbit House in Wales sure makes for some delightful photographs! It’s not surprising since a photographer is responsible for creating this house. With some help from his father-in-law, he was able to build this house using all natural materials and only $5,200. His goal was to create a living space that resembled houses from the fantasy novel “Lord of the Rings”, and within 4 months the dream was a reality.
G. Berlin-based architect Van Bo Le-Mentzel has created “One Square Metre House” – probably the smallest house in the world. It’s a wooden structure, which uses only one square meter of space and can be used as a dwelling place, mobile kiosk or even an extra room inside your apartment. Because of the flipping mechanism, it can be used both vertically or horizontally. It consists of a wooden frame, slide window and a lockable door.

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1. Tasty tourism
2. For those keen on science
3. For brave ones only
4. For true sports fans
 
5. Supernatural tourism
6. Immigration tourism
7. A difficult choice
8. Appealing to all fans
A. Soccer tourism has been around for a few decades but back in the 1980s it was seen (and probably actually was to some extent) as a form of “hooliganism.” Nowadays, soccer tourism is considered one of the most profitable forms of tourism. It usually involves individuals who travel to different cities and countries to see their favourite teams’ museums and trophies or follow them in their international matches.
B. Many people may have a problem understanding the difference between culinary tourism and ordinary tourism since tasting as many local dishes as possible is a must for the average tourist. But there are lots of people who visit a place exclusively for its food and everything related to eating. Plus, in culinary tourism dining out seems to be the equivalent of having cocktails and partying in everyday tourism so there are a few differences after all.
C. If you’re a European citizen over 25 then there’s a good chance you remember this term, which in reality was politically motivated. The phrase “benefit tourism” was invented in the 1990s. It was later used for the perceived threat that a huge number of citizens from the new, poorer nations who were given membership in the EU would move to the richer states such as France or Sweden to benefit from their social welfare systems rather than work.
D. Tolkien tourism has become a growing trend thanks to the huge success of the “Lord of the Rings” books and films. It has expanded and diversified to such an extent that now it offers enough places to visit so that even the most detailed curiosity of the most demanding Tolkien fan is sure to be satisfied. That makes New Zealand the best hotspot because it’s the main location where the films were shot.
E. The name “shark tourism” says it all, and you probably can’t get a scarier or more dangerous type of tourism than this. Shark tourism is actually a subgenre of another type of tourism – eco-tourism. It attracts all these people who love sharks and their bloody jaws. Anything related to the Great White shark (and other) is what’s on offer. Experienced divers and protective cages are must-haves for this adventurous kind of tourism.
F. Atomic tourism is a type of tourism that appeared after the beginning of the Atomic Era. Curious tourists fascinated with the Atomic Era can visit places important to the history of the Atomic Age where significant incidents related to atomic power happened. There are museums that specialize in atomic weapons, but naturally the most visited sites are the actual places where atomic bombs were dropped or detonated.
G. A fascination with ghosts drives some people to travel in search of the paranormal. Behind many famous landmarks is a great ghost story and indeed, popular tours in places like Dublin, Florida, Quebec City and Brisbane explore historic, “haunted” city quarters. Locations of “ghost tourism” include proverbial ghost towns across America, Canada and Australia as well as notorious places like Jonestown, Guyana, and parts of Transylvania.

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Europe’s best hidden gems There are incredible destinations in Europe known worldwide, such as Amsterdam and its canals, London and its museums, its shopping and atmosphere, or Paris, the City of Light. Europe also has thousands of hidden treasures. There is a wide selection of the finest unknown destinations in Europe, from Lugano in Switzerland A__________. Lugano is an international city, the crossroads and melting pot of European culture. It constitutes one of the most interesting regions to be discovered. Lugano is not only Switzerland’s third most important financial centre, B__________old buildings. The area of Cinque Terre in Italy represents one of the best preserved natural sights of the Mediterranean. Human activity has contributed to creating a unique landscape in which the development of typical stone walls is so extensive C__________. All this, D__________, makes the Cinque Terre an increasingly popular location among Italian and foreign tourists. Sintra is a jewel set between the mountains and the sea, waiting to be discovered by tourists E__________, luxuriant nature and cosmopolitan cultural offer. Sintra has a wonderful charm that left a deep impression on the soul and work of the writers F__________. Sintra is truly the capital of Romanticism. It is a place to be experienced by everyone!

 

 
1. but showed evidence of an early human housing
2. to Cinque Terre in Italy and Sintra in Portugal
3. as to equal that of the famous Great Wall of China
4. but also a town of parks and flowers, villas and
5. who want to be lost in its majestic historical heritage
6. combined with the beauty of a crystal clear sea
7. who pioneered the Romantic spirit in the eighteenth century
 

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1. New Zealand population
2. Getting to New Zealand
3. New Zealand climate
4. Some facts from history
 
5. What to do in New Zealand
6. Geography of New Zealand
7. New Zealand traditions
8. Education in New Zealand
A. New Zealand is made up of three main islands as well as many other smaller islands. The main islands of New Zealand are, as their names suggest, the North and South Islands. Stewart Island is the third, much smaller island, located at the far bottom of the South Island. The South Island is larger than the North, however it is less densely populated. Here you will find vast alpine ranges, wide flat plains and cascading glaciers. Christchurch is the largest city in the South Island.
B. The islands of New Zealand lie between 37 and 47 degrees south of the Tropic of Capricorn, in the Southern Hemisphere of the world. New Zealand enjoys a moderate, maritime weather and temperatures. The North Island is warmer than the South Island, with sub-tropical weather in the far north of the North Island. The warmest months in New Zealand are December, January and February (summer), and the coldest are June, July and August (winter).
C. New Zealand has an unlimited range of tourist attractions and activities, located throughout the country. Whether you are looking for adrenaline-pumping adventure, or a relaxing game of golf, there is an activity or attraction to suit everyone’s tastes, age, culture and budget. Attractions and activities in New Zealand include bungy jumping, sky diving, glacial hiking, horse trekking, health and beauty relaxation treatments, scenic flights, fishing and so much more.
D. The Maori are believed to be the native people of New Zealand, immigrating here from Polynesia on canoes around 800 AD. These Polynesian people settled in New Zealand and became known as the Maori. They formed their own unique culture, language and traditions. Land wars broke out with the arrival of the European settlers. In 1840, several Maori Chiefs signed the Treaty of Waitangi which gave the British monarchy control over parts of New Zealand.
E. New Zealand has a reputation as a provider of excellent study opportunities and support services in a safe learning environment. It is fast becoming a popular choice for international students. Academic, profession and vocation studies are offered at universities, polytechnics, colleges, secondary schools and private training establishments. A number of English Language Institutes and private English Language Schools are also throughout the country.
F. For many tourists travelling to New Zealand will include a long haul flight and at least 1 stop en-route. Depending on the length of your flight you can either split the journey up and include a “stop over” staying one night or more in another country on the way or just travel straight through only stopping for a few hours at an airport before departing again. The choice of “stop over” countries will depend on what country you are travelling from and the company you are flying with.
G. While the land masses of the North Island and South Island are similar, approximately two thirds of the country’s people live in the North Island and the remainder in the South Island. The majority of New Zealand’s inhabitants is of European decent while Auckland, the largest city in New Zealand, is the most ethnically diverse in the country and has the largest number of Polynesians of any city in the world.

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  Beautiful cities of Italy The political and cultural centre of Italy is the ‘Eternal City’, Rome. Ever since the Roman Empire, as its capital, Rome has become famous as a centre of European culture. The most striking sights of Rome are, of course, the Colosseum and the Forum. Once the Colosseum was able to receive about 50 thousand spectators, A__________ and concert halls. The Pantheon, the old temple of all gods, B__________, is also located in Rome. The second most important town in Italy is Milan. Milan is the capital of fashion and C__________, exhibitions and conferences. The main attraction of Milan is its Cathedral Square, where the monument to the King Victor Emmanuel II is installed. Theatre fans will not be left disappointed by visiting the Theatre of La Scala. The most popular city among tourists is Venice. The city is unique because it has more than 120 islands, D__________ and 400 bridges. Venice has been known for more than fifteen hundred years, and for E__________. The main area of the city is Saint Mark’s Square with the Cathedral of San Marco. One of the most beautiful buildings in Venice is the Palace of Doges. The other famous attraction is the Grand Canal F__________. In addition to this, there are such beautiful cities in Italy as Naples, Turin, Florence, Genoa, Pisa and the islands of Sardinia and Sicily. All of themare outstanding places to visit.

 

 
1. that is the largest in Venice
2. which was built in the early I century
3. that everyone is dreaming about this trip
4. which is comparable with modern stadiums
5. which are сonnected by more than 150 canals
6. the venue for major international festivals
7. that time it produced a lot of attractions
 

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1. Staying inside for fun
2. A book versus the Net
3. Reflect on your morning
4. Sharing lunch and work
 
5. Time for planning
6. Time for physical activity
7. Spend time outdoors
8. Do the things you enjoy
A. One of the best things to do during lunch break is to exercise. It still may sound a bit strange, but experts say that combining fitness and lunch is one of the best ways to incorporate exercise into a busy lifestyle. Who said that exercise is only for losing weight? Start exercising during your lunch hour and you will feel better and full of energy to accomplish your difficult tasks. Even if it’s just going for a walk or doing a few sit-ups, your body will thank you!
B. During your lunch break you may do lots of things. You might think that reading a book isn’t a healthy thing to do during your lunch break, but it’s much better than surfing the Internet. Unlike the Net, it does not only keep our mind active, but it also improves speaking, writing, and reading skills. If we had a hard day at work, reading a book without looking at the screen will help keep our mind distracted from problems.
C. Many people don’t leave their workplaces during a lunch break, but it’s a huge mistake. Your lunch break should be a sacred time. A time when you can step away from your computer. No matter whether you like or hate your job, leave the building and sit on a nearby bench. You can also take a short walk. You will feel much better when you are back from a lunch break and you will have more energy and motivation to accomplish your tasks.
D. Managing school and work is never an easy task. It might seem impossible to balance all of these responsibilities, but it can be done nevertheless. If you have plenty of tasks, you can spend 15-20 minutes of your lunch hour working on them and have more free time in the evening. Just make sure you don’t spend the whole lunch hour doing your lessons, because having a healthy snack and doing some exercises are still essential.
E. Having busy days we hope to manage time somehow and complete all the things we need to do. A lunch hour is a great time to plan your weekly meals and food shopping lists, because planning is good for your wallet and your health as well. You can also plan your lunch meals to avoid eating unhealthy food. Your lunch hour is also a wonderful time to plan your everyday jobs and social calendar and you can do it sitting on a nearby bench.
F. Lunch break is such a period in your life which we can name ‘eternal’. Use your lunch break for something you like most of all, such as going shopping, seeing your friends, or visiting the park or some other lovely spots. Just make sure that you meet positive people during your lunch hour and it will improve your mood and refresh you till the rest of the day. You’ll go back to the office with absolutely different mindset and you’ll work much better.
G. A lunch break is the perfect time to evaluate what you have done before noon. Try to self-reflect on tasks you’ve accomplished and this will help you feel proud of yourself. Notice what needs to be done, and concentrate on those things. If you haven’t accomplished some tasks, don’t worry, you’ll have enough time to accomplish them after your lunch break just keep a positive attitude since stress doesn’t solve anything.

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1. Always in a hurry
2. The city of skyscrapers
3. Winning and losing
4. Unknown side of the city
 
5. Saving the variety
6. Getting around the city
7. For the holiday and more
8. Nickname for a building
A. New York is really the melting pot of the world. Over 30 percent of its residents have come from abroad. It is believed that the city has the greatest linguistic diversity on the planet. There are over 800 different languages divided among its people. As some of these languages are nearly extinct, the City University of New York has begun a project called the Endangered Language Alliance. Its aim is to preserve rare languages like Bukhari, Vhlaski, and Ormuri.
B. New Yorkers love to think they know everything about their city: where to find the best fruit, how to avoid paying full price at museums, what route to take to avoid traffic. But New York City can reveal new treasures even to its veterans. Beyond the city where New-Yorkers work, eat, play and commute every day lies a hidden New York: mysterious, forgotten, abandoned or just overlooked. There are places about which you’re not likely to read in any guidebook.
C. The Chrysler Building was in a race with the Bank of Manhattan for getting the title of the tallest skyscraper in the world. The Bank was likely to triumph, with its height of 282 meters. But the spire of the Chrysler Building was constructed in secret inside the tower. Just one week after the Bank of Manhattan was finished, it was put in place, making it 318 meters tall and beating the Bank. It wouldn’t keep this title for long: one year later the Empire State Building was erected.
D. The Flatiron Building was constructed between 1901 and 1903 at the intersection of Broadway and Fifth Avenue. It was designed by Chicago’s Daniel Burnham as a steel-frame skyscraper covered with white terra-cotta. Built as the headquarters of the Fuller Construction company, the skyscraper was meant to be named Fuller Building. But locals soon started calling it “Flatiron” because of its unusual shape. The name stuck and soon became official.  
E. How does Rockefeller Center manage to find the perfect fur-tree each Christmas season? They do aerial searches by helicopter, of course, and bring it to the city during the night when there isn’t much traffic on the streets. After the tree is taken down for the year, it continues to be useful. For example, in 2005 Habitat for Humanity used the wood to make doorframes for houses for the poor and in 2012 the paper was used to publish a book.
F. In New York life never stands still. People have to call cabs, ride subway cars, do business of all kinds, eat pizzas and sandwiches for lunch. When you multiply that by more than eight million people in less than 500 square miles, you get the idea: everyone goes everywhere as fast as it is humanly possible. Whatever you do, don't stop in the middle of the sidewalk or you’ll make everyone around you incredibly angry.
G. New York is extremely easy to navigate. Manhattan is divided into numbered streets from north to south and avenues from east to west. It’s almost impossible to get lost there. Buses are useful to travel around Manhattan, and the subway is the best means of transport to the other parts of the city. At some stage you’ll definitely use a yellow taxi. Try to get one on an avenue that’s going in the same direction you are – you’ll save time and money. And don’t forget to leave a tip for the driver.

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City of fountains


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