Warming up
Read the questions and discuss them.
1) Looking at the map of Canada what can you say about its geography? Make suppositions about its geographical features, landscapes, climate (according to its latitudes).
2) Look at the pictures and try to define which of them are Russian and which are Canadian landscapes. If they are Russian can you name the region? 
3) What else can you say about Canada: can you name its symbols or some facts from its history or culture? Try to remember how this state was formed, what people live there.
4) Watch the video about Canada. What images does the girl mention? What Canada’s geographical peculiarities does the boy name? Write them down and compare to other English-speaking countries. How does the girl explain Canada’s nature diversity? In what areas is the Canada population density higher?
Vocabulary
Ascertain [ˌæsə'teɪn] выяснять, устанавливать; убеждаться, удостоверяться
Asset ['æset] ценное, полезное качество/ имущество, фонды, активы
Boon [buːn] 1) благо, благодеяние; дар; покровительство 2) просьба, прошение; мольба
Broadcast ['brɔːdkɑːst] 1) передавать по радио или телевидению; вещать, транслировать 2) распространять (информацию)
Captivate ['kæptɪveɪt] очаровывать, пленять, покорять, увлекать
Capture ['kæpʧə] захватывать, брать силой
Charter ['ʧɑːtə] 1) хартия, грамота 2) право, привилегия, льгота; документ, разрешающий создание университета, компании и других корпораций
Condominium [ˌkɔndə'mɪnɪəm] 1) кондоминиум, совместное управление одной и той же территорией (двумя или более государствами) 2) кондоминиум, совладение, жилищное товарищество (добровольное объединение собственников жилья)
Confluence ['kɔnfluən(t)s] слияние (рек); соединение (дорог)
Cub [kʌb] детёныш зверя (обычно лисы, волка, медведя); щенок
Donate [dəu'neɪt] дарить, жаловать, жертвовать
Embark [ɪm'bɑːk] 1) а) грузиться, садиться на корабль, на самолёт б) грузить, погружать на корабль в) отправиться на корабле или самолёте (куда-л.) 2) начинать; вступать (в дело, в войну)
Embassy ['embəsɪ] посольство
Facilitate [fə'sɪlɪteɪt] облегчать; содействовать; способствовать; помогать, продвигать
Failure ['feɪljə] неудавшееся дело, неудача, неуспех, провал/ авария, повреждение, отказ
Forestry ['fɔrɪstrɪ] лесничество, лесное хозяйство
Hazard ['hæzəd] риск, опасность
Headquarters [ˌhed'kwɔːtəz] штаб-квартира, головной офис, главное управление (компании, организации)
Hint [hɪnt] 1) а) намёк б) наводка, совет, лёгкая подсказка 2) возможность, случай, шанс
Hub [hʌb] центр (событий, внимания, деятельности)/ узловой аэропорт
Icecap ['aɪsˌkæp] ледниковый покров (в горах); полярный лёд
Logging ['lɔgɪŋ] заготовка и транспортировка леса; количество срубленного леса
Oil spill разлив нефти (на поверхности воды)
Piggyback ['pɪgɪbæk] такой, во время которого один человек сидит у другого на спине, на закорках
Pelts [pelt] шкура; кожа
Protocol ['prəutəkɔl] правила дипломатического этикета
Pulp [pʌlp] волокнистая масса; кашица
Release [rɪ'liːs] а) релиз, выпуск в свет (фильма, книги, пластинки и т. п.), демонстрация, публикация, показ Syn: performance, publication б) фильм, книга, пластинка и т. п., выпущенные в свет
Retain [rɪ'teɪn] держать; удерживать, аккумулировать, вмещать
Trapper ['træpə] охотник, ставящий капканы
Turret ['tʌrɪt] башенка
Sign [saɪn] подписывать (документ)
Suitable ['s(j)uːtəbl] годный, подходящий, пригодный, применимый, соответствующий
Terrain [tə'reɪn] местность, территория, район/ физические особенности местности; топография
Ultimately ['ʌltɪmətlɪ] в конечном счёте, в конце концов
Uranium [juə'reɪnɪəm] уран
Venue ['venjuː] 1) место проведения (мероприятия, встречи) 2) а) судебный округ, в котором должно слушаться дело; место рассмотрения дела, территориальная подсудность; подсудность по месту совершения действия б) место совершения действия в) часть искового заявления, содержащая указание на территориальную подсудность г) местность, из которой должны были быть избраны присяжные для участия в деле
Weird [wɪəd] странный, чудной
Wilderness ['wɪldənəs] дикая местность
Wireless ['waɪələs] беспроводной/ радио, радиосвязь; радиовещание
Vocabulary exercises
Exercise 1. Divide the following words into their roots and suffixes/ prefixes. Translate the roots and explain the meaning of the suffixes/ prefixes.
Embark, failure, trapper, suitable, ultimately, wilderness, wireless.
Exercise 2. Match each word with its definition
Donate embassy failure hazard protocol
1) the official residence or offices of an ambassador
2) a system of rules about the correct way to act in formal situations.
3) something which could be dangerous to you, your health or safety, or your plans or reputation.
4) give (money or goods) for a good cause, for example to a charity
5) a lack of success in doing or achieving something, especially in relation to a particular activity.
Exercise 3. Insert a suitable word from the vocabulary.
1) To get my visa I was sent to the ____ for an interview.
2) There are several _____ of big international corporations in Manhattan district of NY.
3) The university authorities are to _____ the scientific work of the professors working in it.
4) The war officially ended when the two sides _____ a treaty.
5) My supervisor has told me that he needs to _____ the independence of my thinking before the collaborating.
Exercise 4. Translate from Russian into English.
1) Индейцы основали деревню на слиянии двух рек и занимались продажей невыделанных шкур. 2) Разлив нефти на поверхности воды – одна из экологических опасностей для водных животных. 3) В результате глобального потепления горный ледниковый покров тает, таким образом, уровень морей и океанов повышается. 4) В этой местности хорошо развито лесное хозяйство и потому хорошо сохраняется дикая природа. 5) Передача о добыче урана, которую транслировали вчера по моему любимому каналу показалась мне странной и я поняла, что такие познавательные документальные фильмы не очень подходящи для меня.
Grammar revision: Participles.
Passive Voice
Present Participle
The present participle is the ing -form. You surely know this form:
from progressive / continuous tenses (e. g. Present Progressive) – I am speaking.
as an adjective form – The film is interesting.
as a gerund – He is afraid of flying.
Not the exceptions in spelling when adding 'ing':
| Exception | Example |
| final e dropped (but: ee is not changed) | come – coming (but: agree - agreeing) |
| final consonant after short, stressed vowel is doubled | sit – sitting |
| final consonant l after vowel is always doubled (in British English) | travel – travelling |
| final ie becomes y | lie – lying |
The present participle can be used to describe the following verbs:
come, go, sit
Example: The girl sat crying on the sofa.
The present participle can also be used after verbs of the senses if we do not want to emphasise that the action was completed.
feel, find, hear, listen to, notice, see, smell, watch
Example: Did you see him dancing?
Furthermore, the present participle can be used to shorten or combine active clauses that have the same subject.
Example: She left the house and whistled. – She left the house whistling.
Past Participle
The past participle is the participle that you find in the third column of lists with irregular verbs. You surely know this form:
from perfect tenses (Present Perfect Simple) – I have spoken.
from passive voice – The letter was written.
as an adjective form – I was bored to death.
For irregular participle forms see third column of irregular verbs. Regular verbs form the past participle by adding ed, however, note the following exceptions in spelling:
| Exceptions when adding ed | Example |
| after a final e, only add d | love – loved |
| final consonant after a short, stressed vowel or l as final consonant after a vowel is doubled | admit – admitted travel – travelled |
| final y after a consonant becomes i | hurry – hurried |
The past participle can also be used to shorten or combine passive clauses that have the same subject. Example: The boy was given an apple. He stopped crying. – Given an apple, the boy stopped crying.
Passive Voice
When constructing sentences, remember that word order is important, and variations on placement of doers and receivers of actions can alter meaning. Using passive versus active voice can significantly change the meaning, intent, and emphasis of your sentence, sometimes for the better and sometimes for the worse. Generally, only sentences containing transitive verbs can be made passive, as the passive construction requires the movement of an object. Some other restrictions on passivizing exist (for example, inseparable transitive verbs), and you should consult a more complete reference to see a detailed discussion of these restrictions.
Formation of Active vs. Passive Voice
In the active voice, the doer of the action occurs in the subject position:
| subject | verb | object |
| They | designed | the hybrid car. |
| doer | action | receiver |
In the passive voice, the receiver of the action occurs in the subject position, and the doer moves to a sometimes optional by -phrase (e.g., by the professor) in the object position. While not necessary to be grammatically correct, you can include the by -phrase containing the doer to clarify meaning.
| subject | verb | object |
| The hybrid car | was designed | (by them) |
| receiver | action | doer |
Also note that the verb form changes when moving from active to passive. Make sure your new passive verb agrees in number with the new subject and your subject pronoun (if you use one) changes to an object pronoun. Generally, the perfect continuous and the future continuous forms are not used in passive voice, so they won’t be illustrated here. Besides to be, other passive forms exist; however, these forms are less commonly used. Refer to a more complete reference for a comprehensive overview of passive formations. Here are some formulas you can use to form the passive:
Present Passive
simple (am/is/are + past participle)
Active: Elders in the Inupiat community tell stories because other members of the community see them as most wise.
Passive: Stories are told by the elders in the Inupiat community because they are seen (by the community) as most wise.
perfect (has/have + been + past participle)
Active: Different countries have shared similar foods, ingredients and even special occasions.
Passive: Similar foods, ingredients and even special occasions have been shared (by different countries).
continuous (am/is/are + being + past participle)
Active: Scientists are doing continuous research to improve the set process as well as understand genes.
Passive: Continuous research is being done (by scientists) to improve the set process as well as understand genes.
Past Passive
simple (was/were + past participle)
Active: My professor appreciated my question.
Passive: My question was appreciated (by the professor).
perfect (had + been + past participle)
Active: Last quarter, the professor had mentioned the outbreak of measles in the late ’80s or ’90s.
Passive: The outbreak of measles in the late ’80s or ’90s had been mentioned by my professor last quarter.
continuous (was/were + being + past participle)
Active: Scientists were doing research on babies to understand their way of learning.
Passive: Much research was being done (by scientists) on babies to understand their way of learning.
Future Passive
simple (will + be + past participle)
Active: Officials will not allow schoolchildren to go to school.
Passive: Schoolchildren will not be allowed (by officials) to go to school.
perfect (will + have + been + past participle)
Active: My friends will have agreed upon my idea before we meet next week.
Passive: My idea will have been agreed upon (by my friends) before we meet next week
Text 1
Read and translate the text. Find all the places mentioned in the text on the map. Be ready to do the exercises given below the text.
Exercise 1. Study the proper names met in the text. Read, try to learn the pronunciation and translate the names.
| Alberta [æl'bɜːtə] Columbia [kə'lʌmbɪə] Manitoba [ˌmænɪ'təubə] Brunswick [ˈbrʌnzwɪk] Nova Scotia [ˌnəuvə'skəuʃə] | Nunavut ['nuːnəvuːt] Ontario [ɔn'teərɪəu] Quebec [k(w)ɪ'bek] Saskatchewan [sə'skæʧɪwən] Newfoundland ['njuːf(ə)ndlənd] | Yukon ['juːkɔn] Winnipeg ['wɪnɪpeg] Halifax ['hælɪfæks] Iqaluit [ɪ'kæluɪt] Regina [rɪ'ʤaɪnə] |
Welcome to Canada!
Canada is the world’s second largest country. It’s capital is Ottawa, in the province of Ontario.Canada has 10 provinces and 3 territories, each with its own capital city (in brackets): Alberta (Edmonton), British Columbia (Victoria), Prince Edward Island (Charlottetown), Manitoba (Winnipeg), New Brunswick (Frederiction), Nova Scotia (Halifax), Nunavut (Iqaliut), Ontario (Toronto), Quebec (Quebec City), Saskatchewan (Regina), Newfoundland (St. John’s), Northwest Territories (Yellowknife), and Yukon Territory (Whitehorse).
Diversity is the keynote of Canada's geography, which includes fertile plains suitable for agriculture, vast mountain ranges, lakes and rivers. Wilderness forests give way to arctic tundra in the Far North. There are of many climatic variations in this huge country, ranging from the permanently frozen icecaps in the north to the luxuriant vegetation of British Columbia's west coast. On the whole, though, Canada has four very distinct seasons, especially in the regions lying along the U.S. border. Here daytime summer temperatures can rise to 35 C and higher, while lows of -25 are not uncommon in winter.
Canada's terrain includes a number of mountain ranges: the Torngats, Appalachians and Laurentians in the east; the Rocky, Coastal and Mackenzie ranges in the west; and Mount St. Elias and the Pelly Mountains in the north. Mount Logan in the Yukon is Canada's tallest peak (6050 m).
There are about two million lakes in Canada. The main lakes, in order of the surface area located in Canada are Huron, Great Bear, Superior, Great Slave, Winnipeg, Erie and Ontario. Great Bear Lake in the Northwest Territories is the largest lake situated entirely in Canada (31 326 km2). The St. Lawrence River (3058 km) is Canada’s most important river; it provides a seaway for ships from the Great Lakes to the Atlantic Ocean. The Mackenzie is the longest river, flowing 4241 km through the Northwest Territories. The Yukon and the Columbia, parts of which flow through U.S. territory, the Nelson, the Saskatchewan, the Peace and the Churchill are also major watercourses.
Canada is a constitutional monarchy and a federal state with a democratic parliament. The Parliament of Canada, in Ottawa, consists of the House of Commons, whose members are elected, and the Senate, whose members are appointed. Canada has two official languages: English, the mother tongue of about 59% of Canadians; and French, the first language of 23% of population. However, many Canadians have a mother tongue other than English or French, including Italian, Chinese, German, Portuguese, Polish, Ukrainian, Dutch, Greek or other languages.
The principal natural resources are natural gas, oil, gold, coal, copper, iron ore, nickel, potash, uranium and zinc, along with wood and water. Leading industries are automobile manufacturing, pulp and paper, iron and steel work, machinery and equipment manufacturing, mining, extraction of fossil fuels, forestry and agriculture. Canadian leading exports include transportation equipment, capital equipment, pulp and paper, fuels, wood, minerals and aluminum.
Exercise 2 Make word combinations matching the two columns, translate them and use them in the sentences of your own.
| Mother Fossil Natural Fertile Frozen | Fuels Plains Tongue Caps Resources |
Exercise 3. Insert the suitable prepositions
1) Canada is divided ___ provinces and territories ___ their own capital cities.
2) Canadian fertile plains are suitable ___ agriculture.
3) One may observe four seasons ___ Canadian climate, especially ___ the regions ___ the border ___ the US.
4) ___ order ___ the surface area Canadian lakes are Huron, Great Bear, Superior.
5) The St. Lawrence River provides seaway ___ ships ___ the Great Lakes ___ the Atlantic Ocean.
6) The Columbia River also flows ___ the US territory.
7) The Canadian Parliament consists ___ the House ___ Commons and the Senate.
Exercise 4. Insert suitable words from the texts.
1) There are _____ provinces and _____ territories in Canada.
2) The keynote of the Canadian geography is _____.
3) One can see ______ ______ icecaps in the north.
4) ______ summer temperatures can rise to 35 C°.
5) Canada is a ______ monarchy and a _____ state with a _____ parliament.
6) There are ______ official languages in Canada.
7) Leading ______ are automobile ______, _____ and paper, ______ of fossil fuels.
8) Leading exports are ______ equipment, capital ______, fuels, wood, minerals and aluminum.
Exercise 5. Complete the following sentences.
1) The capital of Canada is ….
2) Canada’s provinces are ….
3) Canada’s territories are ….
4) The mountains in the east of Canada are ….
5) The highest mountain is ….
6) The longest river is ….
7) The largest lake is ….
8) The parts of the Canadian Parliaments are ….
9) The leading exports are ….
Exercise 6. Questions for discussion
1) How many provinces and territories does Canada have?
2) Consulting the map say what climatic and natural zones Canada occupies. According both the information from the text and the map make conclusion about the nature, wildlife and seasons in Canada.
3) What can you say about the landforms of Canada? What are the main landforms? Show the mountains mentioned in the text. What is the highest peak?
4) What are the Canada’s lakes? What are its famous and most important rivers? In comparison to other English-speaking countries, what general conclusion can you make about Canada’s water resources?
5) What does Canada parliament consist of? What is the Canadian state structure? Who is the head of the state?
6) Are there French-speaking parts in Canada? How many people speak French in Canada, where do the mostly live?
7) Speak about the Canada’s natural resources. What are the main ones? Find on the map their deposits.
8) What industries are peculiar for Canada? Can you name any famous producing companies?
Text 2
Exercise 1. Read the text and make the table of dates and events. Write in the Active Voice.
| When | What happened |
| J. Cartier on a northern land near the Gulf of St. Lawrence heard the name Kanta from the natives. |
Exercise 2. Compare the events with the events taking place at that time in Europe, Russia and the USA (it would be better to divide into three groups to overview the events). Continue your table according to the world part you have chosen (or your group has chosen).
| When | What happened | What happened in Russia (Europe, the USA) |
| J. Cartier on a northern land near the Gulf of St. Lawrence heard the name Kanta from the natives | The first tsar Ivan IV is born. The Russian-Kazan war starts. |
Canada history in short.
The English explorer John Cabot discovered Newfoundland and claimed it for England. Later in 1530, the French explorer Jacques Cartier came to the shore of a northern land near the Gulf of St. Lawrence. A story tells how he asked a group of natives where he was, and they answered, Kanta. This word meant “settlement” in their language. When Cartier returned to France, he told the people of a wonderful land called Canada. Other famous explorers to Canada include, Henry Hudson who discovered Hudson Bay in 1610, and Samuel de Champlain in 1608 who founded Quebec City. Now both the English and the French had established settlements in Canada and began trading guns, tools, and liquor with the Native Canadians for fur pelts. In 1642, Villa Marie (Montreal) was founded. In 1670, King Charle s II of England granted the Hudson’s Bay Company the right to trap fur animals over all land whose waters drained into Hudson Bay. The English were establishing their fur trading business in the central part of Canada, and the French were developing their own fur trading operations in what is now known as Quebec. In the 1700’s France and England began to fight over the right to own this land. During many battles, France lost fort after fort to England. Finally in 1759, England conquered France by capturing Quebec City and. In 1763 the two nations signed the Treaty of Paris which gave most of France’s land in Canada to Britain and control of the North American Colonies. On July 1, 1867, the British North American Act passes, creating the Dominion of Canada and the country’s first Prime Minister. Each Canadian province had control over its own education, housing, hospitals, and use of natural resources. This system still exists today in Canada. In 1870 Manitoba joins Canada with British Columbia following in 1871. In 1873, Prince Edward Island territory joins Canada, as well as the North-West Mounted Police is organized. It will later be renamed the Royal Canadian Mounted Police. The Yukon Territory joins Canada in 1898 with Alberta and Saskatchewan joining inn 1905. During the years of 1914-1918, Canada fights with the British against Germany in World War I. From 1939-1945, Canada fights against Germany and Japan in World War II. In 1945 Canada becomes a charter member of the United Nations. In 1949 Newfoundland joins Canada. The Constitution Act of 1982 makes French and English the official languages of Canada. In 1995 the Parliament of Canada passed a resolution recognizing Quebec as a distinct society within Canada. On April 1, 1999, the Northwest Territories were divided into two by Act of Parliament, creating a new territory called Nunavut.
Exercise 3. Revise the grammar of the section. Find the examples of Participles II, transform into participles I.
Exercise 4. Convert your active voice events from the table into the passive ones.
Text 3
Canadian Capital Ottawa
Exercise 1. Read the text and be ready to do the tasks after the text.
Ottawa, city, capital of Canada, is located in southeastern Ontario. In the eastern extreme of the province, Ottawa is situated on the south bank of the Ottawa River across from Gatineau, Quebec, at the confluence of the Ottawa (Outaouais), Gatineau, and Rideau rivers. The Ottawa River (some 790 miles [1,270 km] long), the principal tributary of the St. Lawrence River, was a key factor in the city’s settlement and development; its watershed, covering more than 57,000 square miles (148,000 square km), facilitated the transport of resources such as furs, timber, and minerals from the region. The river’s Chaudière Falls, just west of the Rideau Canal, while initially a navigational hazard for the fur trade and later for the transport of logging rafts, ultimately proved to be an asset in the production of hydroelectric power for the city and a boon to the growth of industry.
Originally a trading and lumbering community that grew into a town of regional significance, Ottawa was named the capital of the Province of Canada in 1857 and retained that status when Canada became a dominion within the British Commonwealth in 1867. Because of its location on the boundary between English-speaking Ontario and French-speaking Quebec and its position as national capital, Ottawa is one of the most bilingual cities in the country.
The earliest inhabitants of the Ottawa region were members of the Algonquin First Nation (Native Americans), who established settlements in the Ottawa River valley. The tribe known as the Ottawa (Outaouais), however, settled in the area for only a short period during the mid-1600s; their traditional territory was considerably farther west on Lake Huron. They were well known as traders (the name Ottawa is believed to be derived from an Algonquian word meaning “to trade”), and they took part in the local fur trade.
Ottawa was divided by Lieut. Col. John By in 1827 into two main sections—the Upper Town and the Lower Town—although these are further subdivided into neighborhoods. The best known of these in the Upper Town is Parliament Hill, the seat of the Canadian federal government; overlooking the Ottawa River and the canal, the Parliament Buildings comprise three blocks of turreted Gothic Revival granite structures. The most iconic of these, the Centre Block, is home to the House of Commons and features the 300-foot Peace Tower. (The East and West blocks are administrative buildings.) Across the canal from the Parliament is the Château Laurier, a landmark hotel (1912) built in the French Renaissance style. The Lower Town, located east of the Rideau Canal, historically the working-class district, is an ethnically diverse region that includes By Ward Market—the site of the country’s oldest open-air market as well as boutiques, restaurants, art galleries, and pubs—and the Glebe, an upscale neighborhood popular with diners and shoppers.
The federal government is Ottawa’s major employer. A large number of jobs are also provided by the technology sector; a number of telecommunications, software, defense and security, biotechnology, and wireless companies are located in the capital region. Many commercial and financial associations as well as embassies and trade groups have their headquarters or offices in the city. As the national capital, it is also the site of federal government institutions such as the Bank of Canada, the Royal Canadian Mint, the Supreme Court of Canada, and the Queen’s Printer.
Ottawa is well served by transportation systems, including railroads that provide frequent passenger service, a good network of expressways, and major roads in and around the metropolitan area. There are also an international airport and two regional airports. Regional mass transit is centered on a system of dedicated bus rapid-transit lines (i.e., lines that run on their own roadways) and a light-rail line (O-Train). The Capital Pathway, a network of more than 130 miles of recreational paths throughout the metropolitan area, serves bicyclists and pedestrians.Ottawa has many public and private universities, colleges, and professional schools.
The leading universities are the University of Ottawa (1848), a bilingual institution, and Carleton University (1942), where instruction is conducted entirely in English. The Ottawa campus of Algonquin College (1967) grants degrees and certificates in technical and applied subjects. Cultural institutions include the National Gallery of Canada (a multidisciplinary, bilingual arts centre that includes an opera house and two theatres), the Canada Science and Technology Museum, the Canadian War Museum, the Diefenbunker (a Cold War museum), the Canada Aviation and Space Museum, and the Bytown Museum. The Canadian Museum of Civilization is across the river in Gatineau. Other attractions include Library and Archives Canada (the national archives), the Parliament Buildings, and Parliament Hill, along with nearby Sparks Street, a designated historic street that was the first outdoor pedestrian mall in Canada.
Exercise 2. You’ve come across the nonmetric measures in the text. Find them and try to convert into the metric measurements. Try to remember more examples (met in the literature, recipes, instructions) when you really have seen the use of nonmetric measurements.
Exercise 3. The last passage of the text is about the universities. Find and give more information about them. Browse their official sites: what sections do the have? Elicit the information about colleges and schools, undergraduate and graduate programs, admissions, research foci (if there are ones).
Exercise 4. Give each passage a title. Write down the key words or word combinations for each passage.
Exercise 5. Retell the text, trying to include each passage information in only one sentence (use conjunctions for logical binding.
Text 4
Exercise 1. Look through the text.
Principal Cities
Among the leading cities of Canada are
Toronto
The city having the highest population in Canada is the capital of the province of Ontario. Toronto ranks amongst the top financial centers in the world. Some of the major tourist attractions of Toronto include the Casa Loma, the Royal Ontario Museum, and the Art Gallery of Ontario, and CN Tower.
Montreal.
It is the second amongst the top cities of Canada. It is situated in the province of Quebec. For many years Montreal had been the financial and industrial hub of Canada. It also blends a hint of European sophistication in itself making it one of the most popular cities in Canada. Some of the city’s attractions include Montreal Botanical Garden, Mount Royal and Point-a-Calliere Museum.
Vancouver
This city is a primary seaport situated in British Columbia. Vancouver is ranked in the category of the most habitable cities in the world. It has been the venue for numerous international events and conferences like 1986 World Exposition on Transportation and Communication, and the United Nations Conference on Human Settlements in 1976. Vancouver is one of the top industrial centers in Canada.
Calgary.
This city is supposed to be the largest in the province of Alberta. It is widely known for ecotourism and winter sports. Calgary’s economic growth is dependent primarily on the petroleum industry.
Exercise 2. Divide into groups of three-four people. Choose a city from the text, find some additional information (interesting facts and sightseeing, pictures). Be ready to present the city in your group.
Texts 5, 6 and 7