1. Children are accepted to the first grade at the age of 6 or 7,
2. Pre-school education isn't compulsory,
3. At the middle stage of a secondary school the students learn
4. Russia enacted a law
5. The term of study in a secondary school is 11 years and
6. In almost every school there are new models of computers and
7. The USE will empower talented graduates from remote locations to compete
a children can get it at home.
b and consists of primary, middle and upper stages.
c to compete for admissions at the universities of their choice.
d that replaces the traditional five-year model of education with a two-tiered approach.
e the basic laws of nature and society at the lessons of history, algebra, literature, physics.
g and almost every school has a direct connect to the Internet.
Exercise 4. Complete the sentences with the words and phrases in the box.
| to be free of charge the main link high school crèches traditional education model to give an opportunity |
1.The Internet _______ for remote education with the help of special programs.
2.________ in the system of education is the secondary school which prepares the younger generation for life.
3. Pre-school consists of kindergartens and _______.
4. Tuition in most of the schools ________, but some new types of schools are fee-paying.
5. The USE will empower ________ graduates from remote locations to compete for admissions at the universities of their choice.
6. Russia is in the process of migrating from its ________ to a modernized degree structure.
Exercise 5. Make up short reports on the following topics.
Pre-school education in Russia.
Types of schools in Russia.
The term of study in secondary school.
Primary school education.
Middle stage of schooling.
New technologies in schools.
The USE.
Changes in the higher education in Russia.
Exercise 6. Answer the questions
1. What document guarantees the right of the citizens to education in Russia?
2. What is the very early stage of schooling in this country?
3. At what age are the children accepted to the first grade?
4. What is the compulsory school leaving age in Russia?
5. Can you name the types of schools in Russia? What are they?
6. What is the school year split into?
7. What are modern schools equipped with?
8. What opportunities does the Internet give for remote education?
9. What is the USE program?
10. When and where was Bologna Declaration signed?
2.
Text B
Education in Great Britain
Education in Britain developed by steps. The first step was the introducing of two kinds of school: grammar schools and secondary modern schools. Grammar schools offered a predominantly academic education and in secondary modern schools education was more practical. The second step was the introducing of a new type of school, the comprehensive, a combination of grammar and secondary modern, so that all children could be continually assessed and given appropriate teaching. These school were co-educational and offered both academic and practical subjects. However, they lost the excellence of the old grammar schools. Then after 1979 were introduced the greatest reforms in schooling. They included the introduction of a National Curriculum making certain subjects, most notably science and one modern language, compulsory up to the age of 16. The National Curriculum aims to ensure that all children study essential subjects and have a better all-round education. Pupils' progress in subjects in National Curriculum is measured by written and practical tests. More ambitious pupils continue with very specialized studies in the sixth form. They remain at school for two years more. Pupils sit for exams leaving secondary school and sixth form. They sit for the General Certificate Secondary Education at the end of the 5th-years' course. A-level or AS-levels are taken after two years of study in the sixth form. They are the main standard for entrance to university or other higher education. Some parents prefer to pay for their children to be educated at independent schools. This private sector includes the so-called public schools, some of whose names are known all over the world, for example Eton. It provides exceptionally fine teaching facilities, for example in science, languages, computing and design. Its students are largely from aristocratic and upper-class families.
Vocabulary
secondary- средний (об образовании)
introduce- вводить
comprehensive - всесторонний, полный, всеобъемлющий
assess - оценивать, давать оценку
appropriate - подходящий, соответствующий; должный
co-educational - совместное обучение лиц обоего пола
academic subject - учебная дисциплина
compulsory - обязательный
aim - намерение, цель
ensure - гарантировать, обеспечивать
essential - важнейший; необходимый; основной
ambitious – честолюбивый, стремящийся к (чему-л.)
level – уровень, степень, ступень
entrance - вступление, поступление
independent - независимый, свободный
Exercise 1. Answer the questions to the text:
1. What are the main types of schools in Britain?
2. What do grammar schools offer?
3. What is the new type of schools?
4. Are boys and girls taught together?
5. What is the aim of the National Curriculum?
6. How is pupils’ progress in subjects measured?
7. When A-level or AS-levels taken?
8. What are the main standards for entrance to university?
9. What does the private sector include?
10. What kind of students study in public schools?