словосочетания:
in the life of any country...........................................................................
to provide the country with highly-qualified specialists............................
to determine..............................................................................................
to be available...........................................................................................
according to...............................................................................................
state institutions........................................................................................
to pass the entrance examinations successfully.........................................
full-time, evening and correspondent courses............................................
non-state higher institutions......................................................................
to have an opportunity.............................................................................
tuition........................................................................................................
to be divided into two terms......................................................................
the first- and second-year students............................................................
to study.....................................................................................................
fundamental sciences.................................................................................
to develop talents and gifts.......................................................................
to accompany............................................................................................
to solve problems facing our society.........................................................
complex.....................................................................................................
to face the problem....................................................................................
Дайте английские эквиваленты следующих слов и
выражений:
высшее образование................................................................................
система высшего образования................................................................
играть важную роль................................................................................
дальнейшее развитие...............................................................................
гуманитарные науки................................................................................
научно-технический прогресс.................................................................
Единый государственный экзамен..........................................................
чтобы поступить в университет..............................................................
средне-специальное образование............................................................
если...........................................................................................................
полное среднее образование...................................................................
вступительные экзамены.........................................................................
по какой-либо причине............................................................................
продолжать обучение..............................................................................
на третьем курсе......................................................................................
посещать лекции и практические занятия...............................................
черта, особенность...................................................................................
практика...................................................................................................
хорошо оборудованные лаборатории...................................................
конструкторское бюро............................................................................
научно-исследовательский институт.......................................................
заканчивать аспирантуру........................................................................
писать диссертацию.................................................................................
получить степень кандидата наук (доктора наук)..................................
получить степень бакалавра...................................................................
открывать перспективы...........................................................................
бесплатное образование..........................................................................
5. Заполните пропуски необходимыми предлогами и переведите предложения на русский язык:
1. Today the role … universities … the system … higher education becomes determining.
2. Young people will be the specialists … tomorrow … the society with new technology.
3. Specialized secondary and higher education is available … everyone according … his abilities.
4. Entrance examinations differ depending … the choice … a higher school.
5. The academic year … this country’s higher schools usually lasts 9 months and is divided … two terms.
6. A good feature … our education is that theory is accompanied … practical training.
7. Then they may go … with their studies and … a year or two … further study and research may get a master’s degree.
6. Переведите предложения на английский язык:
1. Высшее образование обеспечивает страну высококвалифицированными специалистами для ее дальнейшего развития и прогресса.
2. Их квалификация определит научно-технический прогресс страны.
3. Тысячи молодых людей имеют возможность получить высшее образование.
4. Студенты первого и второго курсов изучают фундаментальные науки.
5. Хорошая черта нашего образования заключается в том, что теория сопровождается практикой.
6. После четырех лет обучения студенты получают степень бакалавра.
7. Они могут продолжить свое обучение и получить степень магистра.
UNIT 3
1. Переведите текст и отработайте его чтение:
HIGHER EDUCATION ABROAD
The most famous universities of Great Britain are Oxford and Cambridge, called “Oxbridge”. They are famous for their academic excellence.
Cambridge was founded at the beginning of the 12-th century. The University consists of 24 different colleges including 4 colleges for women. The head of the University is the chancellor who is elected for life. The teachers are commonly called «dons» and «tutors». Besides lectures teaching is carried out by tutorial system for which the Cambridge University is famous all over the world. This is a system of individual tuition.
Each student has a tutor who practically guides him through the whole course of studies. The tutor plans the student’s work and once a week the student goes to his tutor to discuss his work with him. The training course lasts 4 years. The academic year is divided into 3 terms. The students study natural and technical sciences, law, history, languages, geography and many other subjects.
Students must wear gowns at lectures, in the University library, in the street in the evening, for dinners in the colleges and for official visits. All the students must pay for their education, examinations, books, laboratories, university hostel, the use of libraries, etc. Very few students get grants. Not many children from the working class families are able to get higher education, as the cost is high. The cost of education depends on the college and speciality.
A distinctive feature of American universities is its two levels. The first level is Undergraduate School that lasts three or four years. The first two years (the freshman year and the sophomore year) are aimed at providing general education that is broadly-based studies in the humanities, social sciences, applied and natural sciences. In the spring of the sophomore year students choose an area of concentration. During the last two years (the junior and the senior years) the students (the undergraduates) major in one special subject, so they take the majority of courses in this one area. Juniors are usually engaged in independent work and seniors – in a year-long project. This undergraduate education culminates in a Bachelor’s degree.
A Bachelor’s degree is a background for a higher degree that is awarded after further study, usually involving research. There are two levels of higher degrees: the Master’s degree and Doctor’s degree usually called the Ph.D. They can be obtained in Graduate School, which is the second level of university education. To obtain the Master’s degree a graduate student should work for two or sometimes three years. During this time he takes courses, passes exams, does some laboratory research guided by a professor, masters a foreign language, and submits a thesis (though a thesis is not always required).
The highest degree in the American graduate school is the research doctorate, or Doctor of Philosophy. This name is invariable for all specialities. If a graduate student is accepted into the Ph.D. program, he takes two or three years of advanced studies in his field of interest, passes the exams and does independent research, which culminates in a written dissertation. The dissertation must be an original contribution to knowledge. The candidate for Ph.D. should defend the conclusions of his dissertation before a panel of experts who finally decide whether he deserves the degree.
Vocabulary
academic excellence великолепное качество обучения
chancellor канцлер
tutor наставник, руководитель
teaching обучение
to carry out проводить
tutorial system наставническая система
tuition обучение
to guide руководить
course of studies /training course курс обучения
to last длиться, продолжаться
academic year учебный год
to divide into делиться на
term семестр
law право
to wear gowns носить мантии
hostel общежитие
to get grants получать стипендии
to get higher education получать высшее образование
cost стоимость, цена
to depend on зависеть от
distinctive feature отличительная черта
level уровень, ступень
Undergraduate School (первая ступень высшего
образования)
freshman первокурсник
sophomore второкурсник
to be aimed at иметь своей целью
humanities гуманитарные науки
applied прикладной
concentration (зд.) специализация
junior years младшие курсы
senior years старшие курсы
to major in специализироваться в
to be engaged in заниматься (чем-либо)
year-long project курсовая работа
to culminate завершаться (чем-либо)
Bachelor’s degree степень бакалавра
background основа
further дальнейший
research исследование
Master’s degree степень магистра
Doctor’s degree степень доктора
to obtain получать, достигать
Graduate School (вторая ступень высшего
образования)
to master овладевать
to submit a thesis предоставлять диссертацию
though хотя
to require требовать
invariable неизменный
to accept принимать
advanced продвинутый, повышенного
типа/уровня
field сфера, область
to pass exams сдавать экзамены
contribution вклад
knowledge знания
to defend защищать
conclusion вывод
panel of experts совет экспертов/специалистов
to decide решать
to deserve заслуживать
degree степень
2. Найдите в правой колонке русские эквиваленты английских слов:
to wear gowns обучение
hostel проводить
to be aimed at второкурсник
training course носить мантии
sophomore иметь своей целью
the head of the University совет экспертов / специалистов
chancellor поскольку
to carry out общежитие
tutor первокурсник
tuition неизменный
panel of experts (первая ступень высшего
образования)
cost курс обучения
freshman предоставлять диссертацию
that is вывод
a year-long project глава университета
concentration стоимость, цена
junior выпускник
senior специализироваться в
as курсовая работа
to major in старший
to be engaged in заниматься (чем-либо)
to culminate in (вторая ступень высшего
образования)
to award вклад
contribution вручать, присуждать
to accept специализация
to defend то есть
conclusion принимать
invariable защищать
graduate (student) младший
to submit a thesis наставник
Undergraduate School канцлер
Graduate School завершаться (чем-либо)