A lawyer is a professional who studies, develops and applies the law. Practicing law means advising and representing clients as a private practitioner or in a law firm.
A judge is an official person who presides over court proceedings, either alone or as a part of a panel of judges. The judge is supposed to conduct the trial impartially and in an open court. The judge hears all the witnesses and any other evidence presented by the parties of the case, assesses the credibility and arguments of the parties, and then issues a ruling on the matter at hand based on his or her interpretation of the law and his or her own personal judgment.
The teacher’s purpose is to give all his knowledge to his pupils, to make them remember and use this knowledge. A teacher's role may vary among cultures. Teachers may provide instruction in literacy and numeracy, craftsmanship or vocational training, the arts, religion, communicative roles, or life skills.
A cook is a person who prepares food for consumption. If a person is a cook, he knows everything in this
sphere: how to prepare, how to solve, how to serve, how to decorate, etc. It is a very creative, but meanwhile hard work.
Traditionally, it refers to a highly-skilled profession which is proficient in all aspects of food preparation.
An architect is a person trained and licensed to plan, design, and oversee the construction of buildings. To practicearchitecture means to provide services in connection with the design and construction of buildings and the space within the site surrounding the buildings.
А pilot or aviator is a person actively involved in flying an aircraft. A pilot is a very hard profession as this person is responsible for other people in the aircraft. This person works with complicated technique. He has to cope with weather’s cases, speak to international dispatcher above the place the flit past, to take off and to land safely and soft. Civilian pilots fly privately for pleasure, charity, or in pursuance of a business, for non-scheduled commercial air-transport companies, or for airlines. When flying for an airline, pilots are usually referred to as airline pilots, with the pilot in command often referred to as the captain.
Information technology (IT) is the application of computers and telecommunications equipment to store, retrieve, transmit and manipulate data, often in the context of a business or other enterprise. The term is commonly used as a synonym for computers and computer networks, but it also encompasses other information distribution technologies such as television and telephones. Several industries are associated with information technology, such as computer hardware, software, electronics, semiconductors, internet, telecom equipment, e-commerce and computer services.
Firefighters are rescuers extensively trained in firefighting, primarily to extinguish hazardous fires that threaten property and civilian or natural populations and to rescue people from dangerous situations, like collapsed or burning buildings. Firefighting and firefighters have become ubiquitous around the world, from wild land areas to urban areas, and aboard ships.
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Nowadays there are so many different diseases. Who knows what would happen if there were no doctors?
A doctor is a professional who practices medicine, which is concerned with promoting, maintaining or restoring human health through the study, diagnosis, and treatment of disease, injury, and other physical and mental impairments. A doctor is the only person who can properly help you if you don’t feel fine.
Д/З: Составить топик и презентацию на тему «Моя будущая профессия».
УРОК 4. Семья и семейные отношения. Генеалогическое древо семьи.
How could you describe the word "family"? First of all "family" means a close unit of parents and their children living together. But we shouldn't forget that it is a most complex system of relationships. Family relationships are rarely as easy as we would like, and very often we have to work hard at keeping them peaceful.
When do people usually start a family? This question doesn't have a definite answer. In the 18th, 19th and at the beginning of the 20th century people used to get married at the age of 18 or even 16. If a girl about 23 or more wasn't married, she was said to be an old maid or a spinster. That might have turned out a real tragedy for her family which usually brought up more than three children, because in some cases a successful marriage was the only chance to provide a good life for the daughter and to help her family. Despite the fact that the girl was so young, she was already able to keep the house, take care of her husband and raise children. To feel the time, its culture and customs I advise you to read a wonderful novel or see a breathtaking film "Pride and Prejudice". Though the story takes place at the turn of the 19th century, it retains fascination for modern readers, revealing some problems which may be urgent in the 21st century.
But life's changing as well as people's style of life. Nowadays we have got much more freedom in questions concerning family. It is natural to get married at the age of 20 up to 30; however, some people prefer to make a career first and only after that start a family when they are already in their forties. Moreover, there are many cases when people prefer to live together without being married. There are some reasons for this phenomenon. Firstly, it is difficult to juggle a family life with studies at school or university. But without good education it is practically impossible to find a suitable well-paid steady job. It's a must to get a higher education, but by this moment you are already 22—24 years old. After that you seek for a well-paid job to live independently, which takes about 3—5 years. Now you see why people in the 21st century do not hurry to get married.
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There is also another difference between old and modern families. Nowadays it is very unusual to find three generations living under one roof as they used to do in the past. Relatives, as a rule, live separately and don't often meet one another. This fact sharply hurts an older generation. Our parents and grandparents usually suffer from lack of attention and respect from their children and grandchildren, although they try not to show it. They really don't need much, just a telephone call or a visit once a week will make them happy.
There are two basic types of families. A nuclear family — a typical family consisting of parents and children. A single-parent family consists of one parent and children. Nowadays there are very few people who have never divorced. Today the highest divorce rate in the world has the Maldive Republic. The United States of America take the third place. Russia is at the ninth place. What are the reasons of great numbers of divorce?
• Occurrence of adultery once or throughout the marriage.
• Communication breakdown.
• Physical, psychological or emotional abuses.
• Financial problems.
• Boredom.
Д/З: составить краткий пересказ текста «Семья и семенные отношения», рассказать о своей семье (члены семьи, возраст, род деятельности и.т.д.), объединить обе информации в топик.
УРОК 5. Понятие дружбы и любви.
Some people think that life-long friendship exists only in books and films. Others believe that it exists in real life. There are different types of friendship. People have close friends, pen pals or just acquaintances. Life-long friendship is a rare kind of friendship and a lot of people even doubt that it exists in real life.
I believe that life-long friendship exists not only in books and films. For example, my grandfather has a friend whom he has known from his childhood. They are devoted to each other and they have much in common. My grandfather and his best friend understand and support one another. Besides, they have similar tastes, interests and life philosophies. Unfortunately, there are a lot of people who have no close friends. Some reserved and shy people find making friends rather difficult. What is more, it is really not easy to find a person with whom you can share strong interpersonal ties.
There is a proverb that says "a friend in need is a friend indeed". However, many people believe that a friend's success may ruin friendship.
A friend is a person who understands you, shows kindness and sympathy, has similar tastes, interests and life philosophies. You can always trust your friend and share your hardships with him or her. Besides, a true friend is always ready to help you and to support you in times of need or crisis.
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I strongly feel that a real friend is a person who doesn't only help you and give you advice. A real friend should never envy you if you are more successful. And if he does, then he is not your friend. To my mind, friendship between people with different financial standing is rare, but possible.
However, a lot of people still believe that friendship is a union of the equal. They tend to make friends with the representatives of their own social circle and financial position. Most people are convinced that friendship will be ruined as soon as your friend is promoted or succeeds in some other way.
To conclude, I'd like to say that a real friend is not only a person who helps you in need, but the one who doesn't turn away from you in case you are luckier, richer or more successful than he or she is. Friendship must not end when success comes. So we can paraphrase the proverb: "A friend who never envies you is a friend indeed".
Some people say that love reveals our hidden talents, while others believe that it makes us silly. There is so much talk about love. It is a major theme in philosophy, literature, music, poetry and cinematography. A great number of scientists have been trying to understand how love can influence people's psychology.
In my opinion, love is a great source of inspiration. A person who has fallen in love may suddenly have an urge to write poems or compose music even if they have never done anything like this before. When we are in love, we are capable of accomplishing feats, making discoveries, inventing new things and making something unusual. Many painters, writers and composers created masterpieces of art, literature or music thanks to this wonderful feeling. Love fills us with energy and enthusiasm.
However, people who are in love sometimes behave rather foolishly. They are often absent-minded and it is difficult for them to concentrate on their work and duties. All they can think about is the person that they love. Studies have indicated that brain scans of people who are in love resemble to those with a mental illness. Scientists say that love deactivates the brain regions associated with negative emotions, with social judgment and with judging other people's intentions and emotions. That is why people in love are often unable to make critical judgments. But I don't believe that love and madness are connected. Anyway, I believe that love is the most wonderful feeling in the world.
Д/З: составить топик на тему «Любовь и дружба в моей жизни», опираясь на текст «Понятия дружбы и любви».
УРОК 6. Моя академическая группа.
You are a Student Now
I am a student of Tiraspol medical college and I’m very proud to be a student of this college. Today, our Medical College is one of the most prestigious and reliable institutions in Tiraspol. Thousands of young people can get decent education in healthcare area at this college.
College life is a thing which you can hardly forget. This is the time when you become an adult, a more sensible person with the sober views on life.
First of all, to pass entrance exams and enter the college is a real challenge for a young person. It takes a lot of time, knowledge, patience and nerves. Besides, there is an avalanche of work expects you. A student ought to get accustomed to a new timetable, new subjects which are much more complicated than at school. Very often it is difficult to cope with the work load of college or university. You have to be a serious, attentive and responsible person concentrated on studying. Some new students soon understand that studying at college is hard work which takes a lot of time and strength, so they immediately start missing classes. This is not so good for them, because it is so difficult to catch up with the programme later. Besides, such students usually have a great number of debts before the beginning of examination session.
Another point is the relationships within a group and between students and teachers. It is not a secret that relationships play an important role in student’s life. You spend a lot of time at your college communicating with your group mates and trying to make a contact with other students. It is wonderful if you find a like-minded person who can become a real friend for all 3 or 4 years of studying or you just meet interesting people who are easy in communication. Sometimes an opposite thing may happen. When you see your group mates for the first time, it may seem to you that they have nothing in common with you. Then the atmosphere within the group is just unbearable. Things get worse and it becomes difficult to find even a topic for conversation. Different things happen during your college life. Anyway, it is extremely important to have good relationships with your group mates and teachers and to show the best qualities and features of character.
Today, the college provides basic and advanced training in such specialties as, midwifery, pharmacy, medical nurses, laboratory diagnosis, and some other branches.
Д/З: составить топик на тему «Моя академическая группа».
УРОК 7. Человек в современном обществе.
I’d like to tell you a couple of words about our modern society.
So I want to speak about pros and cons in our community. In my opinion the biggest problem we have it is crime. For example drug dealing. Nowadays many young people are under the influence of drugs and it is sad. Drugs can lead to serious problems such as poor schoolwork, loss of friends, problems at home, and lasting legal problems. Alcohol is not gone away from drugs. It is also a huge problem. Unfortunately there are a lot of different problems with crime like burglary, mugging or shoplifting. Most of these problems come about because the homeless. Despite the fact that we have many new and useful technologies we still can’t provide all people with jobs.
But on the other hand, people in modern society have done a lot of good things. I'm talking about Art. Today, art continues to play a major role in society like it did in the past. Until now, art still provokes awareness as contemporary artists use different media in order to share to everyone their view of the world. Artworks are open to different interpretations by its viewers, and although their message appears vague, they remain able to communicate something to the audience.
In our society there are both good and bad aspects. Fortunately there are people who want to make the world better. Such as Greenpeace, who protect our nature or different charitable companies which help people with their problems.
Summing up all the above, I would like to say that only we can change our life for the better.