III. Прочитайте следующие утверждения и решите, какие из них правильные, какие –нет.

1. Statute law and Common law are the sources of English law.

2. The English judges only use statutes in trying cases.

3. The High Court tries the majority of all criminal cases.

4. There are stipendiary magistrates everywhere in England.

5. County Courts are the main civil courts.

IV. Подберите к следующим словам и словосочетаниям правильный русский перевод.

V. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в соответствующем времени и переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. The Supreme Court of the United States … (to sit) east of the Capitol.

2. I … already … (to write) a paper on Criminal Law.

3. Beheading … (to use) in the East as well as in some European countries.

4. I entered the Court at the moment when the policeman … (to give) evidence.

5. A solicitor … (to deal) with petty crimes.

VI. Вставьте подходящие по смыслу слова или словосочетания в предложения.

1. Magistrates’ courts are … over by lay magistrates.

2. In a few large cities there are also … magistrates who sit alone and have legal training.

3. The accused has the right to ….

4. There is the Central Criminal Court in London (the …).

5. The House of Lords is the final … tribunal.

ВАРИАНТ 21

I. Прочитайте и письменно переведите текст.

Political Parties

A political system cannot exist without political parties. The most common definition of a political party is that it is an organization that sponsors and supports candidates for office under its label.
The functions of political parties within a system are numerous. They recruit, nominate and campaign to elect public officials; draw up policy programmes for the government if they are in the majority; offer criticism and alternative policies if they are in opposition; mobilize support for common policies among different interest groups; educate the public about public issues; and provide structure and rules for the society’s political debate. In some political systems ideology may be an important factor in recruiting and motivating party members; elsewhere party members may be united by similar economic interests or social outlook.
There exist various types of party organizations. On the one hand, most of multi-party parliamentary systems in Europe are tightly disciplined organizations run by full-time professionals. On the other hand, in the two-party system of the USA, the two rival Republican and Democratic parties are decentralized organizations which function mainly in Congress and at the state level. This situation changes every four years when national Democratic and Republican party organizations coalesce to mount presidential election campaign.

The election campaigns that are conducted by different political parties are often elaborate, usually time-consuming and sometimes silly. However, the aim of any election campaign is to provide a peaceful and fair method by which the citizens of a democracy can select their leaders and have a hand in determining their own destiny.

II. Ответьтенавопросы.

1. What is the most common definition of a political party?

2. What are the functions of political parties?

3. Are most of multi-party parliamentary systems in Europe tightly disciplined organizations?

4. What are two rival parties in the USA?

5. What is the aim of any election campaign?

III. Прочитайте следующие утверждения и решите, какие из них правильные, какие –нет.

1. The functions of political parties within a system are numerous.
2. If a political party is on opposition it doesn’t play any role at all.
3. In some cases party members may be united by similar economic interests or social outlook.

4. Types of party organizations are various.

5. The USA has a peculiar party system.

IV. Подберите к следующим словам и словосочетаниям правильный русский перевод.

V. Поставьте глаголы, данные в скобках, в соответствующем времени и переведите предложения на русский язык.

1. He … (to catch) on the frontier between two countries.

2. Many communities across the nation … already … (to start) their own campaigns against crime.

3. The trial … (to take place) two months later.

4. Public opinion polls … (to show) that Americans view crimes as one of the most serious problems in society.

5. Though the father isn’t going to live with them, he … (to support) the boy.