Упражнение 39
Переведите следующие предложения.
1. Our meeting him was a pleasant surprise. 2. Are you interested in your daughter’s entering the University? 3. He was angry for my being late. 4. I’m looking forward to her coming on Sunday. 5. I’m thinking of Helen’s visiting the doctor. 6. I thanked my sister for her being so helpful. 7. I enjoy listening to music. 8. We are interested in your taking part in the expedition. 9. She wrote the letter without Mother’s knowing it. 10. There is no excuse for his doing such a thing. 11. What did Ann do after leaving the institute? 12. It’s no use asking Tom to help us.
Упражнение 40
Замените придаточные дополнительные предложения герундием с предло гом of.
1. I thought I would come and see you tomorrow. 2. I think that I‘ll go out to the country tomorrow to see my mother. 3. What do you think youwill do tomorrow? – I don’t know now. I thought I would go to the beach, but the weather is so bad that probably I shan’t go. 4. I hear there are some English books at our institute book-stall now. – So you think that you’ll buy some, don’t you? 5. I thought I would work in the library this evening, but as youhave come, I won’t go to there.
Упражнение 41
Замените придаточные предложения времени герундием с предлогом after.
1. After I had hesitated some minutes whether to buy the hat or not, I finally decided that I might find one I liked better in another shop. 2. When she had graduated from the university, she left St. Petersburg and went toteach in her home town. 3. When he had proved that his theory was correct, he started studying ways and means of improving the conditions of work in very deep coalmines. 4. After she took the child to the kindergarten, she went
to the library to study for her examination. 5. When he had made a thorough study of the subject, he found that it was a great deal more important thanhe had thought at first.
Сравните перевод страдательного и действительного залогов герундия:
Не likes telling fairy-tales. (рассказывать)
Не likes being told fairy-tales. (чтобы ему рассказывали)
Не is proud of having spoken to this outstanding person. (что поговорил)
He is proud of having been spoken to. (что с ним поговорили)
Упражнение 42
Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на разные формы герундия. 1. Watching football matches may be exciting enough, but of course it is more exciting playing football. 2. She stopped coming to see us, and I wondered what had happened to her. 3. Can you remember having seen that man before? 4. She was terrified of having to speak to anybody, and even more, of being spoken to. 5. He was on the point of leaving the club, as the porter stopped him. 6. After being corrected by the teacher, the students’ papers were returned to them. 7. I wondered at my mother’s having allowed the journey. 8. I understand perfectly your wishing to start the work at once. 9. Everybody will discuss the event, there is no preventing it. 10. At last he broke the silence by inviting everybody to walk into the dining-room. 11. On being told the news she turned pale. 12. The place is worth visiting. 13. Having been carefully read and corrected by the secretary,
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the text contained no mistakes.
После этих глаголов употребляется герундий
| to avoid | to excuse | to keep (on) |
| to burst out | to finish | to mind |
| cannot help | to forgive | to postpone |
| to deny | to give up | to put off |
| to enjoy | to go on | to stop |
Упражнение 43
Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на герундий.
1. I avoided speaking to them about that matter. 2. She burst out crying.
3. They burst out laughing. 4. She denied having been at home that evening.
5. He enjoyed talking of the pleasures of travelling. 6. Excuse my leaving you at such a moment. 7. Please forgive my interfering. 8. He gave up smoking a few years ago. 9. They went on talking. 10. He keeps insisting on my going to the south. 11. Oh please do stop laughing at him. 12. Do you mind my asking you a tricky question? 13. Would you mind coming again in a day or two?
14. I don’t mind wearing this dress. 15. She could not help smiling. 16. I cannot put off doing this translation. 17. Though David was tired, he went on walking in the direction of Dover.
The Infinitive
Упражнение 44
В следующих предложениях найдите инфинитивы. Переведите предложения. 1. I want to take part in the ping-pong competition. 2. It is not pleasant to be waiting for you here. 3. There is nothing to be done. 4. I am sorry not to have met you at the station. 5. The child must be sleeping at this time. 6. This work can be done in an hour or so. 7. The tourists were discussing where to go and what to see. 8. I must have left my copy-book at home. 9. You seem to be looking for trouble. 10. Is there anything else to be discussed? 11. I am going to see a new play at the Drama Theatre. 12. What made you do that? 13. It is very nice of you to come to see me. 14. Have you decided what to do? 15. Let me help you with your mathematics. 16. He will have to do his lessons better to be able to enter the University. 17. It seems to be raining since we came here. 18. There are a
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hundred things to be done.
Запомните случаи, в которых инфинитив употребляется без частицы «to»: после модальных глаголов; после глаголов to let и to make;
в сложном дополнении после глаголов восприятия: (to see, to hear, to feel, etc.);после выражений: I would rather..., You had better...
Упражнение 45
Вставьте частицу «to” перед инфинитивом, где необходимо.
1. My brother can... speak French. 2. I was planning... do a lot of things yes-terday. 3. We had... put on our overcoats because it was cold. 4. They wanted
... cross the river. 5. It is high time for you... go to bed. 6. May I... use your telephone? 7. That funny scene made me... laugh. 8. I would rather... stay at home today. 9. He did not want... play in the yard any more. 10. Would you like
... go to England? 11. You look tired. You had better... go home. 12. I wanted
... speak to Nick, but could not... find his telephone number. 13. It is time...
get up. 14. Let me... help you with your homework. 16. I’d like... speak to you. 17. I think I’ll be able... solve this problem. 18. What makes you... think you are right? 19. I’ll do my best... help you. 20. She made me... repeat new words several times. 21. I saw him... enter the room. 22. She did not let her mother
... go away.
Упражнение 46
Замените выделенные части предложений инфинитивными оборотами. E.g. The boy had many toys which he could play with.
The boy had many toys to play with.
1. I have no books which I can read. 2. Is there anybody who will help you with your spelling? 3. Don’t forget that she has a baby which she must
take care of. 4. Have you got anything that you want to say on this subject?5. There was nothing that he could do except go home. 6. I have only a few minutes in which I can explain these words to you. 7. I have an examination which I must take soon, so I can’t go to the theatre with you. 8. King Leardecided to have a hundred knights who would serve him after he had divided up his kingdom. 9. Here is something which will warm you up. 10. Here is a new brush which you will clean your teeth with. 11. Here are some more facts which will prove that your theory is correct. 12. Here is moisturizer which you can rub on your hands. It will soften them. 13. Here are some screws with which you can fasten the shelves to the wall.
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Сравните употребление Active Infinitive и Passive Infinitive:
to write – to be written
I am glad to help you – рад помочь (рад, что я помогаю)
I am glad to be helped – рад, что мне помогают
Упражнение 47
Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на active infinitive и pas-sive infinitive.
1. Nature has many secrets to be discovered yet. 2. To improve your pronun-ciation you should analyse your speech. 3. These are the articles to be translated during the next term. 4. To be instructed by such a good specialist was a great advantage. 5. To play chess was his greatest pleasure. 6. The child did not like to be washed. 7. Isn’t it natural that we like to be praised and don’t like to be scolded? 8. Which is more pleasant: to give or to be given presents? 9. He is very forgetful, but he doesn’t like to be reminded of his duties.
Сравните употребление indefinite infinitive и perfect infinitive:
to write – to have written
I am glad to see you – рад видеть вас (рад, что вижу)
I am glad to have seen you – рад, что повидал вас
Упражнение 48
Переведите на русский язык, обращая внимание на perfect infinitive.
1. I am awfully glad to have met you. 2. Sorry to have placed you in this disagreeable situation. 3. I am very happy to have had the pleasure of making your acquaintance. 4. I am sorry to have kept you waiting. 5. Maggie was very sorry to have forgotten to feed her pets. 6. Sorry not to have noticed you. 7. I am sorry to have added some more trouble by what I have told you. 8. When Clyde looked at the girl closely, he remembered to have seen her in Sondra’s company. 9. I remembered to have been moved by the scene I witnessed. 10. The child was happy to have been brought home. 11. Jane remembered to have been told
a lot about Mr. Rochester. 12. The children were delighted to have been brought to the circus. 13. I am sorry to have spoilt your mood.
The Infinitive Constructions
| I | I want you to come earlier. | Сложное дополнение |
| I saw him cross the street. | ||
| II | It is difficult for me to do this task. | For-конструкция |
| The text is easy enough for you to understand. | ||
| III | Theywere askedto comeearlier. | Nominative with the |
| He is sure to come soon. | Infinitive | |
Упражнение 49
В следующих предложениях найдите инфинитивы и инфинитивные кон-струкции. Переведите предложения.
1. A commission was set up to develop cooperation between the two countries.
2. The speaker spoke about the need for the workers to be organized. 3. This African country is reported to be exporting cotton for the first time in many years.
4. At that time it was difficult for her to take part in sport events. 5. It is important not to lose time and to get to work now. 6. He heard his mother open the door.
7. The children were told to stay where they were. 8. Here are some books for you to read. 9. The mother wanted her children to help her with her housework.
Упражнение 50
Замените выделенные части предложений инфинитивными оборотами. E.g. He is sorry that he has said it. He is sorry to have said it.
1. She was sorry that she had missed the beginning of the concert.
2. I am glad that I see all my friends here. 3. I was afraid of going past that place alone. 4. My sister will be thrilled when she is wearing a dress as lovely as that. 5. We must wait till we hear the examination results.
6. She is happy that she has found such a nice place to live in. 7. I should be delighted if I could join you. 8. He hopes that he will know everything by tomorrow. 9. It is certain that it will rain if you don’t take your umbrella.
10. Don’t promise that you will do it, if you are not sure that you can. 11. He was happy that he was praised by everybody. 12. He was very proud that he had helped his elder brother.
Упражнение 51
Раскройте скобки, употребляя требующуюся форму инфинитива.
1. Не seems (to read) a lot. 2. Не seems (to read) now. 3. He seems (to read) since morning. 4. He seems (to read) all the books in the library. 5. I want (to take) you to the concert. 6. I want (to take) to the concert by my father. 7. She hoped (to help) her friends. 8. She hoped (to help) by her friends. 9. I hope (to see) you soon. 10. We expect (to be) back in two days. 11. He expected
(to help) by the teacher. 12. The children seem (to play) since morning. 13. I am glad (to do) all the homework yesterday. 14. She seems (to work) at this problem ever since she came here. 15. I am sorry (to break) your pen. 16. I hate (to bother) you, but the students are still waiting (to give) books for their work. 17. He seized every opportunity (to appear) in public: he was so anxious (to talk) about. 18. Is there anything else (to tell) her? I believe she deserves (to know) the state of her sick brother. 19. The author began writing books not because he wanted (to earn) a living. He wanted (to read) and not (to forget). 20. He seems (to know) French very well: he is said (to spend) his youth in Paris. 21. They seemed (to wait) for ages. 22. The enemy army was reported (to overthrow) the defence lines and (to advance) towards the suburbs of the city. 23. The only sound (to hear) was the snoring of grandfather in the bedroom. 24. You seem (to look) for trouble. 25. It seemed (to snow) heavily since early morning: the ground was covered with a deep layer of snow. 26. They seemed (to quarrel): I could hear angry voices from behind the door. 27. Perhaps it would upset her (to tell) the truth of the matter. 28. They are supposed (to work) at the problem for the last two months. 29. Her ring was believed (to lose) until she happened (to find) it during the general cleaning. It turned out (to drop) between the sofa and the wall.