BETTER UNTAUGHT THAN ILL TAUGHT
TO KNOW EVERYTHING IS TO KNOW NOTHING
a. Illustrate one of them using a real situation
UNIT 14
MY PROFESSION
1. Прочитайте слова с долгим [о:] и кратким [о].
[о:]
form
more
warm
short
course
corn
water
[о]
hot
crop
dog
job
pot
stock
economist
2. Прочитайте пары слов, соблюдая качественные и количественные различия в артикуляции звуков [о:] и [р].
fought – fox torn – top
bought – box cord – cot
caught – cox lord – lot
naughty – not sport – spot
3. Изучите материал по словообразованию и выполните следующие упражнения:
А) Приставка pre- имеет значение «перед, ранее, до », приставка
post- – «после », приставка under- – «недостаточно ».
war (война, военный) – pre-war (довоенный)
war (война, военный) – post-war (послевоенный)
to pay (платить) – to underpay (недоплатить)
- Определите значение следующих слов с приставками.
pre- – prehistoric, pre-revolutionary, predetermine, pre-capitalist;
post- – post-graduate, postscript, post-glacial, postposition;
under- – underproduction, undervalue, underdeveloped, underdo,
underfeed.
- Pronounce the words and word combinations paying special attention to the junction of the sounds.
unnatural picture=of the farm
unnoticed pair=of horses
a broken=knife danger=of pollution
last=time fertilizer=in soil
that=chair water=in the river
quite=true nature=and man
was=seen agriculture=and industry
is=sent enter=or leave
I wish=she were here better=or worse
Б) Суффикс -ism служит для образования существительных, которые обозначают политические, философские, религиозные течения или экономические формации.
При помощи суффикса -ist образуются существительные, обозначающие профессии, вид деятельности или принадлежность к политическому направлению.
capitalism - капитализм capitalist - капиталист
- Read the nouns with the suffix -ist and translate them into Russian.
a chemist a capitalist
a biologist a dentist
a socialist an economist
an internationalist a communist
- Form nouns with the suffix -ism and translate them into Russian.
- a physicist
- an ecologist
- an artist
- a journalist
- a realist
- a humanist
- a materialist
- an internationalist
- a socialist
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4. Прочитайте и переведите:
chance [tja:ns] - случай, шанс by chance, it is not by chance I got this job by chance.
It is not by chance that I entered the Agrarian University.
to enter [entq] - войти, поступить (в вуз) to enter the University
Every year about 3,000 students enter our University.
In order to enter a University you must pass a number of examinations.
to leave [li:v] (left, left) - покидать, оставлять, заканчивать (среднюю школу)
to leave school, after leaving school Many children leave school at fifteen.
to graduate from - заканчивать (вуз)
After graduating from the University I will work as an agronomist.
to hesitate (about) - колебаться, сомневаться Did you hesitate about the choice of your future profession?
research - научные исследования research work
They carry out very important research to increase yields of wheat.
to work - работать
to work out - разрабатывать (программу), работать над (программой) to work on the problem Many of the students work out interesting projects.
busy - to be busy with - заниматься (чем-либо) During their practice students are busy with feeding and breeding farm animals.
to take care of - заботиться, ухаживать за Nurses take care of their patients at the hospitals.
to require– требовать syn. to demand, to ask for
Any work requires special professional skills.
a calf - теленок; мн.ч. calves There are many calves in the fields in summer.
practice [prxktis] - практика
educational and training practice - учебно-производственная практика
We usually have educational and training practice on the farm.
(to) measure - мера, измерять
plant protection measures - меры по защите растений
The house measures 60 feet long. Дом имеет 60 футов в длину.
to increase - увеличивать(ся), расти
The productivity of labour increased by 10 %.
finance - финансы, доходы family finances - семейный бюджет
application - 1) заявление, прошение; 2) применение an application form (blank) - анкета поступающего на работу An effective fertilizer application system is used on this farm.
pollution загрязнение to pollute - загрязнять
The problem of air pollution in large cities was discussed at the conference.
soil - почва syn. land, ground, earth types of soils - виды почв
Soil science deals with types of soils and their cultivation.
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5. Read the text and find the information about the subjects you study at the University and your future possible specialities.
It is not by chance that I entered the Agritechnical University in Ryazan. My parents have a small garden and we work there from spring till autumn. We grow different kinds of fruit and vegetables there. My grandparents have a lot of farm animals. I like to feed pigs, milk cows and take care of small piglets and calves. And after leaving school I didn't hesitate about the choice of my future profession.
There are 7 faculties at our University: the Agronomical, the Plant Protection, the Biotechnological Faculties, the Faculty of Economics, the Veterinary Medicine one, the Accounting and the Engineering Technology Faculties. The University trains students to work on the farms as agronomists, stock-breeding engineers, veterinary doctors, engineers-technologists, agricultural economists and accountants.
We study a lot of subjects necessary for our future work - botany, soil science, field-crop cultivation, seed-farming, selection, agrobiology, agricultural chemistry, financial planning, law, agricultural ecology, accounting. Our future work will require special professional skills to operate modern equipment. So, such subjects as informatics, biochemistry and biophysics become very important. At the tutorials and seminars we learn how to use the acquired knowledge in our future practical work. Every year we write our course-papers.
Great attention is also given to the independent education and research work of the students. In the Students' Scientific Society many of the students work on interesting theoretical and practical problems.
In order to combine correctly theoretical and practical education of the future specialists, about one-third of the training period is devoted to educational and training practice on the experimental farms of the University. The students placed into an atmosphere of agricultural reality master their practical skills.
After graduating from the University students go to work to different parts of our country. Their work will include such activities as:
- organization of crop production;
- production, financing and marketing of food products;
- working out fertilizer application systems and plant protection measures;
- increasing the total number of farm livestock;
- control of farm pollution and everyday control of livestock diseases;
- development of manufacturing processes;
- checking and improving the quality food products;
- working out new recipes;
- modifying foods to create fat-free products and ready meals.
6. Translate into English.
Поступить в институт, доить коров, работать в хозяйстве, полеводство, работать над практическими и теоретическими проблемами, правильно сочетать, учебно-производственная практика, атмосфера сельскохозяйственной действительности, система внесения удобрений, мероприятия по защите растений, увеличение общего поголовья сельскохозяйственных животных, улучшение качества, не содержащие жира продукты.
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7. Match the English words and word-combinations with their Russian equivalents.
By chance управлять современным оборудованием
After leaving school семеноводств
The choice of my future profession приобретенные знания
To operate modern equipment научно-исследовательская работа
To train после окончания университета
A highly qualified specialist выбор моей будущей профессии
Seed-farming курсовая работа
Tutorials после окончания школы
The acquired knowledge обучать, готовить
A course paper семинары
Research work случайно
After graduating from the University высококвалифицированный
специалист
8. Find in the list below the words corresponding to the following definitions.
poultry, rotation, profession, measure, botany, fertilizer, soil science, yield, livestock
1. any type of work which needs a special training or particular skill;
2. the scientific study of plants;
3. the scientific study of soils;
4. changing crops which are grown in a particular field;
5. a natural or chemical substance which is spread on the land to make plants grow well;
6. the amount of crops produced;
7. animals and birds kept on a farm;
8. birds, such as chickens, that are bred for eggs and meat;
9. a way to achieve something, a method;
9. Complete the sentences joining their two parts.
Agronomists are busy with a) one-month practice on the farm.
Livestock-experts work out b) to work on the farm as
The second-year students have agronomists and livestock-experts.
The Agrarian University trains students c) work on interesting theoretical
and practical problems.
In the of Students' Scientific Society d) fulfillment of all technical students
measures in crop cultivation.
e) technologies for increasing milk yields percow.
10. Insert prepositions.
1)... leaving school he did not hesitate... the choice... his future profession.
2) I'd like to take care... small piglets and calves.
3) The Biotechnological Faculty trains students to work. the farms as livestock experts.
4) In the Students' Scientific Society many. the students work. interesting theoretical and practical problems.
5) The fourth-year students have six-months practice... the farms.
6) All the knowledge I've got... the university will help me... my future work.
7). the tutorials students learn to use the acquired knowledge.
8) Livestock-experts work... technologies... increasing milk yields and the total number of livestock.
9) Agricultural economists deal... financial economic plans.
11. Answer the following questions.
1) Why did you enter the University?
2) What will you do after graduating from the university?
3) What subjects are necessary for your future work?
4) Do you work hard to become a good specialist?
5) Are you a member of the Students' Scientific Society?
6) Do you take part in the students' scientific conferences?
7) How often do you have your practice?
8) What activities will your future work include?
12. Read the leaflet (тонкая брошюра) on how to behave on the first day in a new job. Report each piece of advice.
e.g. The leaflet advises people to be friendly and tells them not to wear informal clothes or heavy make-up.
On the first day in a job:
• be friendly;
• don't wear very informal clothes or heavy make-up;
• be kind and co-operative;
• don't share very personal information - you don't know who you are talking to;
• work hard and don't spend too much time chatting or resting;
• keep your desk tidy at all times;
• don't argue with anyone.
13. There is a small town in England where something very strange has happened. By chance, everyone's surname describes the job that he or she does. Also, everyone's forename starts with the same letters as the surname. So.
Tom Teacher works in the local school.
Betty Baker makes bread.
Here are some other jobs that people do. Work out the correct surnames of the people who do the jobs, and then fit the correct surname to each forename.
a) a person who sells meat 1. Nancy...
b) a person who delivers letters 2. Fred...
c) a person who cares for patients at the hospital 3. Basil...
d) a person who makes and mends suits 4. Diane...
e) a person who makes things from wood 5. Pat...
f) a person who looks after people's teeth 6. Colin.
g) a person who keeps sheep and cows 7. Terry.
14. Match the occupations of these people with the type of work they might do.
Headmaster, gardener, farmer, photographer, university student, tourist guide, waitress, secretary, retired person, company manager
shift work____
part-time work____
full-time work__
seasonal work_
voluntary work_
15. Point out the most important factors in choosing your profession. Put them in order of importance and explain your choice.
1. Work which is useful to society;
2. Good salary or wages;
3. Opportunities to travel;
4. Opportunities to meet different people;
5. Interesting and not boring work;
6. Dealing with animals;
7. Good career prospects;
8. Good working conditions;
9. Friendly colleagues;
10. Long holidays;
11. Other factors
UNIT 15